96 ANNUAL OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERT. 



wood motions arc too slow, and the endless belt of the Manny machine is 

 like all canvas belts, -working sometimes well and sometimes worse. Either 

 can be applied to reapers at a moderate cost, and both have enough to recom- 

 mend them for use to thus fully bring them to the notice of the public. 



IMPROVED SHOE FOR HORSES. 



Many attempts have been made to shoe horses without the continual driv- 

 ing of nails into the hoof, by which great injury is sometimes inflicted upon 

 valuable horses, by nails pricking the quick. In order to diminish this evil, 

 Mr. Thomas, of London, has invented a double-bottomed shoe, which is 

 constructed and applied as follows : " He takes an ordinary horse-shoe, and 

 forms a groove in the part which comes in contact with the ground. This 

 groove is about a quarter or three-eighths of an inch deep, and half an inch 

 or more wide, according to the size of the horse and shoe, and within three- 

 quarters of an inch from one extremity of the shoe to the same distance 

 from the other. The groove at the ends and toe of the shoe is cut under. A 

 piece of iron of the same width and shape with the groove, only thicker, and 

 slightly curved upwards, is so fitted at the ends and toe, that, by the tap of 

 a hammer, it is driven into the groove, and hence into the under cutting. 

 The junction forms a complete dovetail, which prevents the removal of the 

 inner shoe, unless by the forcible aid of a chisel. The advantage of this 

 inner shoe is, that it is made to project beyond the ordinary shoe, and, when 

 worn down, can easily be removed and replaced by another, without pulling 

 off the shoe from the horse's hoof. Besides, in frosty weather, the inner 

 shoe needs only to be jagged, and you have the horse frosted." Scientific 

 American. 



TRANSPLANTING LARGE TREES. 



The following plan for transplanting large trees is adopted in Paris, in the 

 Champs Elysees : 



A circle is cut around the tree, about three feet from the trunk, and at a 

 depth of about five, through roots and earth. The earth which adheres to 

 the root is covered and bound with brush and ropes, to keep all together; 

 then large chains are passed under the whole, and the ends brought up 

 above the surface of the ground. It now being ready to be removed, two 

 heavy, strong planks are laid down outside of the hole, to receive the wheels 

 of the wagon, which is made of solid iron, and a skeleton body of only two 

 heavy side-pieces, which connect the fore and aft wheels, the front wheels 

 having an axlctree passing from one side to the other, while the rear wheels 

 are hung like those upon many railroad cars, having one open space, and 

 strengthened by a heavy cross-piece of iron, which can be removed at pleas- 

 ure. Over each wheel is a windlass, to hoist by crank. Xow, being ready 

 to take up the tree, the heavy cross-piece behind is removed, and the vchicls 

 is backed upon the planks, and the trunk of the tree now stands up through 

 the middle of the skeleton body; the ends of the chains are made fast to 

 the windlasses, and eight strong men, two at each crank, wind up the chain, 

 and swing the tree, roots and earth, to the wagon, put in the cross-piece 

 behind, attach from four to six horses, and drive off. The tree is lowered 

 into the earth in the same manner that it is taken out. 



