THE NAUTILUS. 60 



Hayden species had been removed to Campeloma, Meek restored 

 the first name, calling it Campeloma multilineata, in accordance 

 with his custom, a practice forbidden by modern rules of no- 

 menclature. Since then, everyone has followed Meek. A 

 difficult question as to what constitutes a description is involved, 

 but I believe the second specific name should be used and that 

 the name should be written Campeloma nebrascensis (Meek and 

 Hayden). Say's Paludina multilineata, now placed in Viva- 

 parus, was described after a fashion by indicating the species to 

 which he referred. He says: " I described it nearly four years 

 since under the name multilineata [evidently in unpublished 

 manuscript] ; but recently, being about to publish it, on a more 

 attentive examination and comparison with a specimen of the 

 elongata from Calcutta, I have concluded that it varies from 

 that specimen only in having the umbilicus a little smaller." 

 Tryon, after quoting this, says: " I have compared the original 

 specimen with shells from Calcutta, and find that it differs as 

 little from them, as they do from each other. It is smaller 

 than the foreign specimens, but I think a larger native shell 

 was mislaid, or placed accidentally among the foreign ones, in 

 the same collection; so that, rather than commit an error, I 

 have chosen the reputed American example for my illustration. 

 If this is not the bengelensis of Lamarck, it must have the name 

 given to it by Say; that of Swainson [elongata'] having been pre- 

 viously given to a fossil species." It is plain then, that the 

 name multilineata was definitely applied to the Florida species 

 by both Say and Tryon, provided it proved distinct from the 

 Asiatic species, which it probably is, and the designation was 

 accompanied by a figure of the Florida species and a brief de- 

 scription by comparison with the Asiatic species. All this ap- 

 pears to me to preclude the use of the name multilineata for 

 Meek and Hay den's species. 



Helix occidentalis Meek and Hayden, Judith River, Cretaceous, 

 Montana, is another instance of the same kind. The name was 

 changed by Meek to nebrascensis, because occidentalis was pre- 

 occupied in Helix by Recluz. Then Meek, in removing the 

 Cretaceous species to Hyalina, restored the original name, in ac- 

 cordance with his custom, but contrary to present usage. From 



