110 THE NAUTILUS. 



" P. testa parva, olivacea; spira apertura loagiore, apice obtuso, 

 rufo; anfmctu basili medio leviter carinato; umbilico obsolete. 



"Shell small, olive; spire longer than the aperture; the tip 

 obtuse, rufous; basal whorl slightly carinated in the middle; 

 umbilicus obsolete. 



' 'A distinct species which is never found larger than the figure. 

 I once saw near 100 which had been picked up on the banks of 

 the Ganges; the spire is rather lengthened, always obtuse, and 

 the umbilicus even less than the last " (P. unicolor). 



No measurements are given, but the figure (there is only one) 

 measures: alt. 21, diam. 16 mm. 



This species seems to have entirely dropped out of sight in 

 recent years. It has been referred to V. dissimilis (Mull.) by 

 Morch (Cat. Yoldi, 1852, p. 52), Troschel (ubi?) and von 

 Martens (Mai. Blatt, 1865, p. 148). Frauenfeld (Verzeich- 

 niss, Paludina, 1864, p. 584) referred it to V. remossii (Phil.). 

 Hanley and Theobald (Con. Ind., 1876; p. xvii, n. 7) simply 

 give the above opinions. The species is not referred to by 

 Kuester (Con. Cab., Paludina, 1852) nor by Reeve in the Con- 

 chologia Iconica (1863) except as hereinafter stated, nor by 

 Kobelt in his recent (1906-9) monograph in the Conchylien 

 Cabinet, nor by Bartsch (Pr. U. S. Nat. Mus., XXXII, 1907, 

 pp. 135-150), nor by Preston in " The Fauna of British India " 

 (1915). 



But it is clear that Swainson's species was an Indian one and, 

 whatever may be its standing at the present time in the Indian 

 fauna, it is entirely different from any Philippine species and 

 by its priority prevents the use of the name by any subsequent 

 author either in Paludina, Vivipara or Viviparus. 



III. 

 PALUDINA CARINATA Valenciennes. 



See No. X. 



IV. 

 PALUDINA CARINATA Reeve. 



Paludina carinata Reeve. Con. Icon., Paludina, 1863, Sp. 

 53, pi. IX, fig. 53. 



Reeve in his text gives no authority for the specific name and 



