242 NATURE-STUDY REVIEW [12:5— May, 1916 



hard wood sticks up against these. A very small amount of wood 

 so arranged will boil the kettle, and when the wood has burned 

 down somewhat, will fry the bacon. 



On each side of the pile of wood, drive a crotched stick. Lay a 

 pole across these two sticks, to support the kettle. A length or 

 two of telephone wire 18 inches long carried in the pack can be bent 

 so as to make a very convenient hook. Or, you can have the 

 crotch sticks short enough so that the pole may be put through the 

 bale of the kettle. Have this prepared before the fire is lighted, 

 and fill the larger kettle with water. A heaping tablespoonful of 

 erbswurst stirred into a cup of boiling water makes a very agreeable 

 soup . The rest of the water may be used to make the tea. Woods- 

 men seem to prefer tea to coffee on a tramp. Neither is necessary. 

 Tea should be made weak and used rather to quench thirst than as 

 a stimulant. By the time the water is boiling, the fire will have 

 burned down enough to fry the bacon. Do not try to fry bacon 

 when the flames are curling up around the pan. Wait until your 

 fire is reduced to coals. 



Baking bread in camp is the most difficult process that is required 

 of the ordinary camper. It is quite necessary to learn to do it, 

 unless you are willing to lug a good deal of extra weight in bread 

 that is already made. You probably are carrying a tin cup with a 

 capacity of about one-half pint. Mix one cupful- of flour, a level 

 teaspoonful of salt, two teaspoonfuls of sugar, a heaping teaspoon- 

 ful of baking powder, a level tablespoonful of powdered milk. 

 The last ingredient may be omitted. Mix this with water in the 

 pail and beat it up vigorously so that it has the consistency of very 

 thick cream. Add more flour, and stir until it makes a stiff dough 

 that will not run when the pan is inclined. 



The fire for baking bread should be built against a back log. 

 Take a log three feet or so long, and at least eight or ten inches in 

 diameter. Set it in front of the tent six feet or so away; support 

 it on two shorter three-inch logs that lie at right angles to it. 

 Now build the fire of smaller stuff, preferably hard wood, the 

 sticks laid parallel to and against the face of the back log. 



If good-sized logs are not available, drive in a couple of pairs of 

 sticks, the two sticks of each pair being four or five inches from each 

 other, and the two pairs distant from each other about three feet. 

 Set three or four small logs three and one-half feet long in these so 

 that they will pile up one on the other. The fire built against such 



