32 [February, 



Chimpanzee, is covered with short hair, except about the mouth and nose. The 

 eyes are moderately large, not prominent, of a dark chestnut color.' The nose 

 is broad, projecting a very little above the surface of the face. The alae are of 

 thin and loose skin, capable of considerable distension. The mouth is very wide 

 the upper lip thick and hairless. The lower lip is a huge muscular flop, very 

 distensible, which the animal drops over his chin when he is enraged, making his 

 appearance exceedingly terrific. 



The ears are disproportionally small ; they are hairless and stand out from the 

 head. The muscles of the head are large, filling up a large part of the depressions 

 between the ridges of the scull. The auricular group not large, but the tempo- 

 ral, pterygoid and masseter muscles are of great strength, as might be supposed 

 from the size of the inferior maxillary bone. The neck is of moderate length, 

 but of great size, chiefly owing to the great length of the spinous processes of the 

 several vertebrae, but increased by the thickness of skin and length of hair. The 

 circumference of neck of this specimen was one foot and ten inches. 



The chest is narrow anteriorly and superiorly, but the contents of the entire 

 cavity large, the lower end of the sternum projecting, and the sternal cartilages, ex- 

 cept the first three, long. The circumference of the chest, after the evacuation of the 

 thorax and abdominal viscera, was four feet four inches. These viscera were 

 evacuated by the natives before I received the body. All the muscles of the 

 chest are largely developed, as are also all the muscles of the trunk. 



The arms, it will be seen from the skeleton, are longer in proportion to the trunk, 

 than are those of the small Chimpanzee, and are covered with a great weight of 

 muscle. 



At the insertion of the deltoid the circumference in this specimen was one 

 foot and four inches. The fore arm also is well supplied and covered with hair. 

 The circumference of the wrist was one foot. 



The palm of the hand was large, while the fingers and thumb appeared small 

 in proportion to the strength of the arm and fore arm. The palm and surface of 

 the hand and fiUi^ers is covered with a thick black skin very little adherent to th6 

 true skin beneath, and in appearance resembling a leathern glove. It was re- 

 moved entire, after maceration. The dorsal surface is covered with hair. The 

 abdomen is large, and covered with lighter colored hair than the back. 



The genital organs, in both male and female, are small, but in other respects 

 similar to the smaller species. 



This animal is tailless and has no calosities. The lower limbs are very short 

 and slightly curved, but the most remarkable peculiarity is the size of the muscles 

 which cover the femur, i. e. those having their origin on the anterior and inferior 

 surface of the pelvis, and their insertion on the femur, together with the extensors 

 and flexors of the legs. Their weight in this case was 18 lbs. The muscles of 

 the leg and foot are not as fully developed as those of the thigh. In the shape of 

 the foot he resembles other Orangs. The weight of this specimen was 170 lbs. 

 without the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic viscera. 



Food. He feeds on the various roots and fruits found in the forest. He is, 

 however, to some extent carnivorous, according to my most reliable information. 



When man is his prey, he devours him as he does animals that he can catch, 

 though his sluggishness prevents his taking many animals as prey. 



The Ngena generally walks on all fours, with his feet placed flat on the ground, 

 like a man, the thighs being flexed upon the leg, at an acute angle. 



The open hands are placed on the around posteriorly and externally to the 

 feet, the arms being nearly parallel to the axis of the body, and thus supporting 

 the body posteriorly to the feet, and not anteriorly, as some have supposed. They 

 act the part of hind rather than fore feet. 



The gait is an oscillating motion, caused by carrying forward the extremities 

 of one side at a time, while the body is balanced to the opposite side; then alter- 

 nately moving the other limbs with a return motion of the body. This is the 

 movement 1 have seen in the young animal. Besides this gait, 1 am led to be- 

 lieve that in the forest he has a semi-erect posture, supporting h'mself by bushes 

 and trees as they come in his way. 



He sometimes walks erect, and always rises on his feet when making an 

 attack, though he approaches his antagonist in the stooping posture. 



