36 



THE CACTACEAE. 



smaller, deep purple; inner perianth-segments spatulate, 3 to 4 cm. long, acute, the margin some- 

 times serrulate; filaments purple, very short, 1 cm. long or less; style very pale; ovary deep green, its 

 areoles bearing white felt and white bristly spines; fruit ovoid, 2.5 to 3 cm. long, purplish, edible; 

 seeds 1.4 mm. long. 



Type locality: Near Santa Fe, New Mexico. 



Distribution: Texas to Utah, Arizona, and northern Sonora and Chihuahua, Mexico. 



The species shows considerable variation in armament and in the size of the flowers 

 and, except in its erect habit, much resembles the next following species. 



This species was named for August Fendler (1813-1883) who collected extensively in 

 New Mexico and Venezuela. 



Related to Echinocereus fendleri but growing at higher elevations is a plant obtained 

 by D. T. MacDougal and Forrest Shreve from the eastern side of the Santa Catalina 

 Mountains in March 1921 and again at Oracle, Arizona, May 6, 1921. This plant grows 

 singly or in clumps with 13 to 16 low ribs and short spines. The central spines are from 

 1 to 4. More detailed field studies may prove this to be a distinct species. Figure 45 

 may represent this form. 



Fig. 43. Echinocereus merkeri. 



Fig. 44. Echinocereus fendleri. 



Echinocereus hildmannii Arendt (Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 1: 146. pi. n. 1891) should 

 be compared with E. fendleri. 



Illustrations: Curtis's Bot. Mag. 106: pi. 6533; Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 51 to 53; 

 Gartenflora 32: 341, as Cereus fendleri; Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. f. 104; Plant World 

 11 10 : f. 1 ; Rumpler, Sukkulenten 137. f. 73 ; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 134. f. 64; Bluhende 

 Kakteen 3: pi. 143; Floralia 42: 369. 



Plate iv, figure 3, shows a flowering plant sent by W. H. Long to the New York 

 Botanical Garden from Albuquerque, New Mexico, in 1 9 1 5 . Figure 44 is from a photograph 

 taken by Dr. MacDougal in the Tucson Mountains, Arizona, in 1908; figure 45 is from a 

 photograph of a plant collected by Dr. Rose near Benson, Arizona, in 1908. 



50. Echinocereus enneacanthus Engelmann in Wislizenus, Mem. Tour North. Mex. 112. 1848. 



Cereus enneacanthus Engelmann, PI. Fendl. 50. 1849. 



Echinocereus carnosus Rumpler in Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 796. 1885. 



Echinocereus enneacanthus carnosus Quehl, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 18: 114. 



1908. 



Cespitose, with many stems, often forming clumps one meter in diameter or more ; joints often 

 elongated, prostrate, 5 to 7 cm. in diameter; ribs 7 or 8, prominent, more or less tuberculate, some- 



