COPIAPOA. 89 



This name occurs first in Cels's Catalogue of 1845, but without description. We know 

 the plant only from descriptions and illustrations; it may not belong to this genus. 



Echinocachis macracanthus Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 143. 1850) may 

 belong here. The varieties Echinocactus macracanthus cinerascens Salm-Dyck and E. 

 pepinianus affinis Monville were both referred by Labouret (Monogr. Cact. 177. 1853) as 

 synonyms of Echinocactus macracanthus Salm-Dyck. 



Illustrations: Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pi. 29, as Echinocactus echinoides; 

 Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pi. 14, as Echinocactus bridgesii. 



Figure 100 is copied from the first illustration above cited. 



6. Copiapoa megarhiza sp. nov. 



Plants with large fleshy roots, sometimes 25 cm. long and 7 to 8 em. in diameter, usually single, 

 rarely in 2's and 3's, globular to elongate-cylindric, 8 to 26 em. long, 4 to 9 cm. in diameter, dull 

 green to almost white; ribs usually 13, very low; crown of plant covered with long white wool at 

 flowering time; spines about 12, 1.5 cm. long, rather stout, at first yellow but soon gray; flowers 

 yellow, 2.5 cm. long; fruit green, 6 to 8 mm. long, naked, crowned by 5 green scales; seeds black, 

 2 mm. long. 



Collected by J. N. Rose on the very dry granitic hills near Copiapo, Chile, October 

 12, 1914 (No. 19323). 



Two other species, Echinocactus cinerascens Lemaire and E. copiapensis Pfeiffer, were 

 described as coming from Copiapo, but whether from the town or the province we do not 

 know. Both have more ribs than the plant here described. 



Copiapoa sp. 



A living specimen was collected by Dr. Rose, October 14, 1 914, at Tres Cruces, north 

 of Coquimbo, which was sent to the New York Botanical Garden under No. 19339. It 

 may be described as follows : 



Single, globular, about 1 cm. in diameter; ribs 11 or 12, obtuse; spines usually 10, brown at 

 first, afterwards gray, subulate. 



PUBLISHED SPECIES, PERHAPS OF THIS GENUS. 



The four following species are probably of this relationship, but too little is known of 

 them to place them definitely: 



Echinocactus humilis Philippi, Fl. Atac. 23. i860. Not Pfeiffer, 1837. 



Very small, depressed, subglobose, 2.5 cm. broad by 2 cm. high; ribs 10 to 12, tuberculate; 

 radial spines 10 to 12, setaceous, spreading; central spine 1, 2.2 cm. long; flowers yellow, 2 cm. long. 



Type locality: Paposo, Antofagasta, Chile. 



Distribution: Antofagasta, Chile. 



Paposo, the type locality of this species is on the coast north of Taltal. This species 

 seems never to have been re-collected. It was not found in the Philippi Herbarium at 

 Santiago and was unknown to Mr. Sohrens. The name being a homonym must be rejected. 



Echinocactus fobeanus Mieckley, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 17: 187. 1907. 



Globose, 8 to 10 cm. in diameter, dark green, somewhat depressed and white-woolly at apex; 

 ribs 14, spiraled; radial spines 8 or 9, black when young, 12 mm. long; central spines when present 

 1 or 2; flowers pale yellow. 



This species is known only from the description of specimens which flowered in the Berlin 

 Botanic Garden. It is supposed to have come from Chile and seems to be of this relation- 

 ship although we can not definitely refer to it any species which we here recognize. A pho- 

 tograph of a small grafted plant is the only illustration we know (Mollers Deutsche 

 Gart. Zeit. 25: 474. f. 6, No. 15). 



