TOUMEYA. 91 



The beautiful flowers close partially at night. 



Mammillaria spaethiana Schumann, listed by Spath (Cat. 1894-1895), seems never to 

 have been described. Schumann afterwards withdrew the name and Mrs. Brandegee (Zoe 

 5: 31. 1900) states that it has the seeds of Echinocactus simpsonii and she believes it to 

 be one of the forms of this species. 



The species as here treated covers a wide range and is represented by several striking 

 forms. The one from the state of Washington has very dark, nearly black spines, the 

 radials ascending and subulate. We have not seen this plant in flower but the flower-scar 

 is at the spine-areole, as it always is in this genus. Mr. Charles V. Piper in his Flora of 

 Washington says "quite certainly new." It is possibly a good species. Here we would 

 also refer a plant collected by J. E. Edwards near Haycreek, Oregon. It is possible, as 

 Coulter believed, that these are the same as the Nevada form which represents Engelmann's 

 variety robustior and this view has been held by others. (See Cact. Journ. 2: 157.) 



This Washington plant seems to have been collected more than 70 years ago, but the 

 specimen has apparently been lost and the record overlooked. Our attention was called 

 to this old record of Geyer, by Mr. C. V. Piper, here reproduced: 



''A third species of Mammillaria I found on the Oregon plains while searching for a Melocactus. 

 Of this I brought dry specimens to London and Mr. Scheer, at Kew, has already raised several from 

 seeds. The above-mentioned Melocactus was gathered by Chief Factor MacDonald at Fort 

 Colville, but the exact habitat was forgotten; the one specimen found was afterwards in possession 

 of Dr. Tolmie on the lower Columbia. From the information I could gather at Fort Walla Walla, 

 the true habitat of this cactus is at the Priests' Rapid,' on a rocky island in the Columbia River, 

 about 60 miles above Fort Walla Walla. I received this intelligence too late, but hope that by 

 publishing it other botanists may have the opportunity of getting the plant without loss of time." 

 Charles A. Geyer. (The London Journal of Botany 5: 25. 1846.) 



Illustrations: Simpson's Rep. pi. 1, 2; Britton and Brown, Illustr. Fl. 2: f. 2524; 

 Knippel, Kakteen pi. n ; Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 593. f. 76; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 

 135; Gard. Chron. II. 6: 293. f. 60; III. 8: 166. f. 26, as Echinocactus simpsonii; 

 Thomas, Zimmerkultur Kakteen 53 ; Gartenwelt 1:85; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 4: 167, as 

 Mammillaria purpusii; Britton and Brown, Illustr. Fl. ed. 2. 2: f. 2983. 



Plate viii, figure 1, was painted from a plant collected by A. Nelson in Wyoming in 

 1914 and sent by Dr. Rose to the New York Botanical Garden. Figure 101 is from a 

 photograph of the same plant. 



6. TOUMEYA gen. nov. 



A small, ovoid or short-cylindric cactus, the areoles borne on low spirally arranged tubercles; 

 spines thin, flat, white, shining, papery, flexible, the central ones much longer than the radial; 

 flowers central, about as wide as long, white, borne at the spine-areoles on nascent tubercles; ovary 

 bearing a few minute scales, their axils naked; outer perianth-segments ovate, acute, the inner 

 lanceolate, acuminate; perianth- tube short, bearing several papery lanceolate scales; fruit dry, 

 globose, smooth; seeds compressed, oblique, black. 



Type species: Mammillaria papyracantha Engelmann. A monotypic genus of New 

 Mexico. 



The generic name is in honor of Dean James W. Toumey, whose studies and col- 

 lections of cacti have greatly aided our investigations. 



1. Toumeya papyracantha (Engelmann). 



Mammillaria papyracantha Engelmann, PL Fendl. 49. 1849. 



Echinocactus pa pyracanthus Kngelmann, Trans. St. Louis Acad. 2: 198. 1863. 



Simple with fibrous roots, 5 to 10 cm. long; "ribs 8, oblique" but probably very indefinite even 

 in living plants, bearing low distinct tubercles; areoles small, circular, pubescent when young, naked 

 in age, the lower ones described as proliferous; spines chartaceous, the radials 8 to 10, unequal, 3 

 to 20 mm. long, spreading; central spines 1 to 4, 3 to 4 cm. long, the upper ones connivent over the 



