114 THE CACTACEAE. 



This species is known to us only from descriptions. 



Echinocactus lamellosus fulvescens Salm-Dyek (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 30, 159. 1850) 

 seems never to have been described. 



10. Echinofossulocactus grandicornis (Lemaire). 



Echinocactus grand icornis Lemaire, Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. 30. 1839. 



Echinocactus grandicornis fulvispinus Salm-Dyck in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 210. 1853. 



Echinocactus grandicornis nigrispinus Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 210. 1853. 



Plants simple, globose to slender-cylindric, 10 cm. high, 5 to 6 em. in diameter, glaucous-green, 

 the apex hidden by the spines; ribs 34 or 35, much compressed, acute, undulate; areoles only a few to 

 each rib, tomentose when young, naked in age; spines 8 to 11, at first yellowish; upper spine erect, 

 stout, flat, 5 cm. long, the 2 lateral ones not so stout, a little shorter and nearly terete, the other 

 spines slender; flowers whitish purple. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Mexico. 



This species is known to us only from descriptions. 



11. Echinofossulocactus arrigens (Link). 



Echinocactus arrigens Link in Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz. 8: 161. 1840. 



Echinocactus sphaerocephalus Muhlenpfordt, Allg. Gartenz. 14: 370. 1846. 



Echinocactus allardtianus Dietrich, Allg. Gartenz. 15: 178. 1847. 



Echinocactus arrigens atropurpureus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 31, 162. 1850. 



Plants simple, deep-seated in the soil, globular, 5 to 7 cm. in diameter, glaucescent, more or less 

 depressed at the apex; ribs 24, thin and wavy; spines 8 to n, yellow (according to Schumann); 

 uppermost spine elongated, 2 to 4 cm. long, flattened, brownish; central spines 2 or 3, more slender 

 and not quite so long as the uppermost one; radial spines 6 to 8, acicular, usually pale, spreading; 

 flowers small, 2 to 2.5 cm. long; inner perianth-segments oblong, apiculate, with a deep purple stripe 

 running down the center and with pale, nearly white margins. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Mexico, but definite locality is unknown. 



Echinocactus xiphacanthus Miquel (Linnaea 12: 1. pi. 1, f. 1. 1838) is referred here by 

 Schumann ; if correctly, the name would replace E. arrigens. It is described as having 34 

 ribs; radial spines 4 or 5, short, pale; central spines 1 to 3, the upper one flat and long. 



Echinocactus cnsifcrus Lemaire (Cact. Aliq. Nov. 26. 1838; E. anfractuosits cnsijcrus 

 Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 31. 1850) is also referred here by Schumann. It, 

 too, has priority over E. arrigens. It is described as globose; ribs 30 to 40. 



Echinocactus arrectus Otto (Forster, Handb. Cact. 346. 1846), without description, is 

 referred here as a synonym by Schumann. 



Echinocactus ensiferus pallidus (Forster, Handb. Cact. 306. 1846) may also belong here. 



Echinofossulocactus ensiformis (Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 317. 1841) may 

 or may not belong here. 



Illustrations: Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pi. 27; Forster, Handb. Cact. ed. 2. f. 

 69; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 173. f. 103, as Echinocactus arrigens; (?) Linnaea 12: pi. 1, 

 f. 1, as E. xiphacanthus. 



Figure 120 is a reproduction of the first illustration cited above. 



12. Echinofossulocactus violaciflorus (Quehl). 



Echinocactus violaciflorus Quehl, Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 22: 102. 1912. 



Simple, at first globose, but becoming columnar, 8 to 10 cm. in diameter; ribs about 35, thin, 

 deeply crenate; spines about 7, the 4 or 5 lower ones 7 to 12 mm. long, appressed or incurved, white, 

 subulate, the 3 upper spines flattened, 3 to 6 cm. long, ascending and the uppermost ones connivent 

 over the top of the plant; flowers 2 to 2.5 cm. long; perianth-segments narrow, acuminate, white 

 with a violet or purplish stripe down the middle; scales on the ovary more or less imbricated, in 3 

 or 4 rows, broadly ovate, apiculate with scarious margins. 



