ECHINOFOSSULOCACTUS. 



115 



Type locality: Zacatecas, Mexico. 



Distribution: Zacatecas and Agiias Calientes. 



Our description is drawn in part from a plant sent to the New York Botanical Gar- 

 den by Mr. H. Donnerstein in 1908, which flowered in April 1921, and in part from speci- 

 mens collected by W. E- Safford at Aguas Calientes, Mexico, in 1907 (No. 1359). 



Illustrations: Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 22: 103, as Echinocactus violaciflorus; Ann. Rep. 

 Smiths. Inst. 1908: pi. 4, f . 5, as Echinocactus crispatus. 



Plate xxiii, figure 5, shows the 

 plant collected by William E. Saf- 

 ford, February 21, 1907 (No. 1359), 

 which flowered in Washington and 

 was painted May 9, 1907. Figure 

 121 is from a photograph of the 

 same plant. 



13. Echinofossulocactus obvallatus (De 



Candolle) Lawrence in Loudon, 

 Card. Mag. 17: 317. 1841. 



Echinocactus obvallatus De Can- 

 dolle, Prodr. 3: 462. 1828. 



Obovoid to globose, depressed at 

 apex; ribs about 25, rather thin and 

 undulate; spines about 8, 4 spines sub- 

 ulate, ascending or spreading, 4 spines 

 short, perhaps not one-fourth the length 

 of the longer ones ; flowers central, very 

 large ; perianth-segments linear-oblong. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Hidalgo, Mexico. 



This species is based on Mocifio and Sesse's illustration of Cactus obvallatus. We have 

 been unable to refer here, with any degree of approximation, any Mexican material we have 

 seen. Pfeiffer's plate 22 (Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2:), originally referred here, must be quite 

 distinct, for it has very differently shaped flowers, spines, and ribs. The Index Kewensis 

 refers this illustration to Echinocactus lancifer of which it seems to be the type. 



Echinocactus obvallatus spinosior of Lemaire (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 30. 

 1850) and also of Monville (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845) as well as va- 

 riety pluricostatus Monville (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845) are all names 

 without description. 



Echinocactus coptonogonus obvallatus Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 20. 1845), 

 unpublished, doubtless belongs here. 



Illustrations: Cact. Journ. 2: 102; Diet. Gard. Nicholson 1: 500. f. 692; Forster, 

 Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 535. f. 68; Schelle, Handb. Kakteenk. 172. f. 101 ; Watson, Cact. Cult. 

 113. f. 41; Karsten and Schenck, Vegetationsbilder 2: pi. 19, a; Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. 

 Paris 17: pi. 9, as Echinocactus obvallatus. 



Figure 122 is copied from the last illustration cited above. 



14. Echinofossulocactus pentacanthus (Lemaire). 



Echinocactus pentacanthus Lemaire, Caet. Aliq. Nov. 27. 1838. 



Echinocactus biceras Jacobi, Allg. Gartenz. 16: 370. 1848. 



Echinocactus anfractuosus pentacanthus Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1849. 31. 1850. 



Simple, depressed-globose to short-cylindric, more or less glaucous; ribs about 25, perhaps even 

 40 to 50; areoles only a few to the rib; spines 5, unequal, grayish red, hardly angled, flattened; 

 3 upper spines erect or spreading; 2 lower spines much slenderer and shorter than the upper; flowers 

 large for this group, deep violet; perianth-segments with white margins. 



Fig. i: 



-Echinofossulocactus violaciflorus. 



