138 the; cactaceae. 



a name which Schumann listed among his unknown species. Hemsley (Biol. Centr. Amer. 

 Bot. 1: 536. 1880) refers here E. mammillarioides Hooker, a different plant, native of Chile. 

 Although there are some slight differences in the descriptions it is not at all unlikely 

 that these last two species had a common origin, the names being similar and published 

 about the same time. It is almost certain that all four names should be excluded from this 

 species. For a description of E. mammillarioides see Malacocarpus page 203. 



Illustrations: Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pi. 2; Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. Miin- 

 chen 2: (see p. 739) pi. 3, f. 6; (see p. 740) pi. 5, sec. 1, f. 1 to 5, as Echinocactus pfeifferi. 



20. Ferocactus flavovirens (Scheidweiler). 



Echinocactus flavovirens Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz. 9: 50. 1841. 

 Plant cespitose, forming great masses, pale green, 3 to 4 dm. high; stems 1 to 2 dm. in diameter; 

 ribs 13, rarely 11 or 12, 1 to 2 cm. high, acute, somewhat sinuate; areoles 2 cm. apart, large, grayish, 

 woolly; spines pale brown, becoming gray in age, long and stout; centrals 4, much longer than the 

 radials, somewhat unequal, the longer ones 5 to 8 cm. long; flowers and fruit not seen; flower-buds 

 globular, covered with long linear imbricating scales, their margins with long ciliate hairs.. 



Type locality: Tehuacan, Mexico. 



Distribution: Known only from about Tehuacan, Puebla, Mexico. 



This species was introduced into cultivation from the type locality by Dr. Rose in 1906 

 but it has never flowered. It grows with F. robustus and may easily be mistaken for it, 

 but the color of the stems, number of ribs, and color of spines are quite different. 



Here is referred Echinocactus polyocentrus Lemaire (Salm-Dyck, Cact. Hort. Dyck. 

 1844. 22. 1845), but unpublished. 



The Index Kewensis refers E. flavovirens to E. orthacanthus Link and Otto (Verh. 

 Ver. Beford. Gartenb. 3: 427. 1827; Melocactus orthacanthus Link and Otto, Verh. Ver. 

 Beford. Gartenb. 3: pi. 18. 1827), a much earlier name, but the description suggests a 

 very different plant, with 17 ribs and one stout central spine. The original description 

 states definitely that it comes from Montevideo, but the Index Kewensis refers it to 

 Mexico. 



Illustrations: MacDougal, Bot. N. Amer. Des. pi. 18; Nat. Geogr. Mag. 21: 700, as 

 Echinocactus flavescens. 



Plate xiii, figure 1, is from a photograph taken by Dr. MacDougal near Esperanza, 

 Puebla, in 1900. 



21. Ferocactus melocactiformis (De Candolle). 



Echinocactus melocactiformis De Candolle, Prodr. 3: 462. 1828. 

 Echinocactus histrix De Candolle, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 17: 115. 1828. 

 Echinocactus coulteri G. Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 162. 1834. 

 Echinocactus oxypterus Zuccarini in Pfeiffer, Enum. Cact. 57. 1837. 

 Echinocactus electracanthus Lemaire, Cact. Aliq. Nov. 24. 1838. 

 Echinocactus lancifer Reichenbach in Terscheck, Cact. Suppl. 2. 

 Echinofossulocactus oxypterus Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 318. 1841. 

 Echinocactus electracanthus capuliger Monville in Labourer, Monogr. Cact. 184. 1853. 



Simple, cylindric, 5 to 6 dm. in diameter, bluish green; ribs about 24; areoles 2 to 3 cm. apart; 

 spines usually 10 to 12, a little curved, yellow, becoming brown, of these 6 to 8 slender-subulate, 

 2 to 3 cm. long, more or less spreading; 3 or 4 spines more central than the others, but usually only 

 one definitely so, much stouter and longer, 4 to 6 cm. long, porrect or ascending, annulate; flowers 

 2.5 to 3.5 cm. long, bright yellow, sometimes reddish without; inner perianth-segments linear-oblong, 

 acute, somewhat spreading; stigma-lobes 6, linear, green; scales on the ovary ovate, acute, small, 

 2 to 4 mm. long, somewhat ciliate; fruit short-oblong, about 2 cm. long, somewhat edible; seeds 

 minute, 1 mm. long, brown. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Eastern Mexico. 



The numerous thin ribs of this plant, as shown in the original illustration, resemble 

 those of some species of Echinofossulocactus , but its flowers appear to be like those of Fero- 

 cactus. 



