142 



THE CACTACEAE. 



Echinocactus curvicornis Miquel, Linnaea 12: 5. 1838. 



Echinocactus slcllatus Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz. 8: 33S. 1840. 



Cereus recurvus Steudel, Nom. ed. 2. 1: 335. 1840. 



Echinocactus solenacanlhus Scheidweiler, Allg. Gartenz. 9: 50. 1841. 



Echinofossutocactus recurvus campylacanlhus Lawrence in Loudon, Gard. Mag. 17: 318. 



Echinocactus recurvus spiralis Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen 348. 1898. 



1S41. 



Globular; ribs 15; radial spines straight, widely spreading; central spine solitary, erect, 7 cm. 

 long, broad and flat, recurved at the tip, brownish red; flowers 2.5 to 4 cm. long ; perianth-segments 

 narrow, acute, red with white margins; ovary covered with ovate imbricated scales; fruit short, 

 oblong, 2 cm. long, 12 mm. in diameter. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Eastern Mexico. 



This species is referred both to Mexico and Peru. It is undoubtedly from eastern 

 Mexico for it is based on Cactus recurvus of Miller. In the original description Miller thus 

 speaks of it, "The third sort was brought into England by the late Dr. William Houston 

 who procured the plant from Mexico." We do not know this species definitely, but plants 

 collected by Dr. MacDougal and Dr. Rose in Tomellin Canyon, Oaxaca, answer the 'descrip- 

 tion, but have flowers up to 4 cm. long. 



Fig. 149. Ferocactus johnsonii. 



Fig. 150. Ferocactus nobilis. 



We have referred here the synonymy given by Schumann, but suspect some of it 

 should be referred elsewhere. Our description is based on Miller's original of Cactus 

 recurvus for the stem and spines and on Pfeiffer's original description of Echinocactus spiralis 

 for the flower and fruit. Schumann's description is somewhat different. 



Echinocactus spiralis stellaris Salm-Dyck (Cact. Hort. Dyck. 1844. 21. 1845), Echino- 

 cactus stellaris Karwinsky, also mentioned here by Salm-Dyck as a synonym and by Hemsley 

 (Biol. Centr. Amer. Bot. 1: 538. 1880) as a synonym of Echinocactus spiralis, and Mclo- 

 cactus besleri affinis (Forster, Handb. Cact. 320. 1846) doubtless are to be referred here. 



Echinocactus multangularis Voigt we do not know. It is cited by Schumann (Gesamtb. 

 Kakteen 348) as a synonym of Echinocactus recurvus, but no place of publication is given. 

 In the only list of Voigt which we have consulted (Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 1845) he lists 

 three species of this genus, viz. ottonis, eyriesii, and comigerus. These are followed by 

 Cereus multangularis which suggests that a mistake has been made. Dr. John Hendley 

 Barnhart suggests a different origin for the name of Echinocactus multangularis. It is 

 to be noted that Forster's Handbuch appeared the next year after the appearance of Voigt's 

 Calcutta List. Dr. Barnhart's note is as follows: 



"I do not think that you have the correct explanation of the name Echinocactus multangularis 

 Voigt. Schumann's citation of this name as a synonym of E. recurvus appears to me to have been 

 copied from the first edition of Forster's Handbuch (1846), page 316, where under E. recurvus you 

 will find the synonym 'C (/. e., 'Cactus') 'multangularis Voigt.' In other words Schumann has 

 simply made the slip of writing 'Echinocactus' instead of 'Cactus' for the Voigt name. The name 

 'Cactus multangularis Voigt' seems to go back in literature as one of the synonyms of this species 



