146 THE CACTACEAE. 



Handb. Cact. ed. 2. 513. f. 63; Curtis's Bot. Mag. 78: pi. 4632; Bliihende Kakteen 1: pi. 9; 

 Schumann, Gesamtb. Kakteen f. 3, 60; Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 21 to 24; Watson, Cact. 

 Cult. 109. f. 39, as Echinocactus longihamatns; Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 16: 57, as Echino- 

 cactus longihamatns sinuatus; Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 74, f. 11 to 14, as Echinocactus sinuatus. 

 Plate xvi, figure 1, shows the flowering top of a plant sent by Dr. Rose from near 

 Devil's River, Texas, in 1913, which flowered at the New York Botanical Garden in 1916. 

 Figure 152 is from a photograph of a plant sent by Dr. Edward Palmer from Victoria, 

 Tamaulipas, Mexico, in 1907. 



29. Ferocactus uncinatus (Galeotti). 



Echinocactus uncinatus Galeotti in Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pi. 18. 1848. 



Echinocactus ancylacanthus Monville in Labouret, Monogr. Cact. 201. 1853. 



Echinocactus uncinatus wrightii Engelmann, Proc. Amer. Acad. 3: 272. 1856. 

 Echinocactus wrightii Coulter, Cycl. Amer. Hort. Bailey 2: 513. 1900. 



Plant short-cylindric, 10 to 20 cm. high, bluish, slightly glaucous, with spindle-shaped roots; 

 ribs usually 13, straight, strongly tubercled, undulate; flowering areoles narrow, extending. from the 

 spine-elusters to the base of the tubercles with the flower at the opposite end, felted; areoles also 

 bearing one or more large flat yellow glands, these surrounded by a ring of short yellow hairs; central 

 spine usually solitary, 12 cm. long or less, erect, yellow below, reddish above, hooked at tip; 3 lower 

 radial spines spreading or reflexed, hooked; upper radials straight; flowers brownish, 2 to 2.5 cm. 

 long, widely spreading; perianth-segments numerous, linear-oblong; filaments numerous, short; 

 scales on ovary and flower-tube triangular, scarious-margined, in age broadly auriculate at base; 

 fruit small, oblong, 2 cm. long, at first green, turning brown to crimson and finally scarlet, naked 

 except the appressed scales, somewhat fleshy, edible; seeds black, small, oblong, 1 to 1.5 mm. long, 

 with basal hilum; cotyledons foliaceous. 



Type locality: Mexico. 



Distribution: Rocky ridges and foothill-slopes in western Texas to central Mexico. 



This species is doubtfully included in Ferocactus, for it is not closely related to any of 

 those described above. Technically it is different from all the other species in having the 

 tubercles grooved on the upper side and the flower borne at the opposite end of the groove 

 from the spine-cluster. It might be better to segregate it as a generic type. 



The glands in the areole described above secrete small drops of a honey-like substance 

 much sought after by bees. While usually found in the groove above the spines and below 

 the flower they are also found on the outer side of the spine-areoles proper. While these 

 glands are usually sessile, they are sometimes elongated and suggest stunted spines. One 

 which we have preserved is 8 mm. long. This species in its short groove above the spine- 

 areole with its sessile gland suggests a relationship with some of the Coryphanthanae. 



Illustrations: Diet. Gard. Nicholson Suppl. 336. f. 361 (with flowers of an Echinocerats!); 

 Pfeiffer, Abbild. Beschr. Cact. 2: pi. 18; Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 74, f. 9; Watson, Cact. 

 Cult. 123. f. 47; ed. 3. f. 29, as Echinocactus uncinatus; Cact. Mex. Bound, pi. 74, f. 10; 

 Monatsschr. Kakteenk. 20: 105, as Echinocactus uncinatus wrightii. 



Figure 153 is from a- photograph of a plant collected by F. E. Lloyd on Escondido 

 Creek near Tuna Springs, Texas, in 1910, which flowered in 191 1; figure 153a shows the 

 same plant photographed in December 1920. 



30. Ferocactus rostii sp. nov. 



Sometimes growing in clumps of 8 to 10 heads but usually slender- cylindric. up to 3 meters 

 high; ribs 16 to 22, rather low (hardly 1 cm. high), obtuse, somewhat tubercled; areoles large, 

 white-felted, approximate; spine-clusters closely set, the spines interlocking and almost hiding the 

 body of the plant; radial bristles sometimes wanting but when present 2 to 8, white or yellowish; 

 spines about 12, sometimes fewer, 3 or 4 central, those on the lower part of the plant more or less 

 spreading, those at or near the top erect, somewhat flexible, flattened, annulate, pungent, either 

 straight or curved at apex, perhaps never hooked, usually yellow but sometimes reddish on young 

 plants but also turning yellow in age; flowers dark yellow; fruit red. 



