34 Coelenterata. 



essentially contribute to the solution of the question whether the species of 

 S. are only local varieties or definite species. The cylindrical cells of the 

 stomodseum and the siphonoglyph are well developed but there are no gland 

 cells in the stomodseum. The spicules forming the "Stiitzbiindel" are on the 

 ventral side of the polyp, other small spicules are laterally situated but the 

 dorsal side is, in most cases, free from spicules. The ventral and lateral 

 mesenterial filaments are feebly developed, a transition towards Xenia. There 

 is a progressive reduction of the mesenteries, first the ventro-lateral, then the 

 dorso-lateral and lastly the ventral. The dorsal mesenteries are long. Zoo- 

 chlorellse are present but not in as large numbers as in some allied genera. 

 The various species of S. agree closely in their canal systems; there is no 

 central canal system. The ccelentera contain gonads, and sometimes male and 

 female products are found in the same colony and even in the same polyp. 

 The nematocysts are small as in other Alcyonaria. The oogenesis and spermato- 

 genesis follow the same course as in Alcyonium. 



The collection described by Thomson & Henderson (*) includes 86 sp. of which 

 61 (and 3 var.) are new. Sympodium 6 n., Sarcophytum 2 n., Spongodes 2 n., 

 Lithophytum 1 n., Chironephthya 2 (1 n.), Stereacanthia n. (a Siphonogorgid 

 near Lemnalia] 1, Agaricoide's n. [see Bericht f. 1905 Coel. p. 5 Simpson( 1 )] 1, 

 Paragorgia 1 n., Suberogorgia 1, Keroeides 2, Parisis 1 n., Pleurocorallium 1 n., 

 Lepidogorgia 1, Chrysogorgia 5 (3 n.), Ceratoisis 1 n., Acanella 2 (1 n.), Stachy- 

 odes 1, Stenella 1 n., Thouarella 1 n. var., Caligorgia 3 (2 n.), Acanthogorgia 1, 

 Paramuricea 1 n., Acanthomuricea n. (a Muriceid related to Placogorgia) 2, 

 Acanthogorgia 1 n., Calicogorgia n. (a Muriceid near Anthogorgia) 2, Placogorgia 2n., 

 Astrogorgia 1 n., Acamptogorgia 2 (1 n. and 1 n. var.), Ads 1 n., Muricella 1 n., 

 Callistephanus 1, Nicella 1, Juncella 2 (1 n.), Scirpearella 2 (1 n.), Telesto 2, 

 Protocaulon 1 n., Protoptilum 1 n., Distichoptilum 1, Kophobelemnon 1 n. var., 

 Sclerobelemnon 1 n., Batliyptilum 1 n., Ttiesioides n. (a Kophobelemnoid near 

 Bathyptilum, with remarkable tentacles thin and whip-like distally bearing flagella- 

 like pinnules) 1, Umbellula 11 (9 n.), Anthoptilum 2 (1 n.), Funiculina 2 (1 n.), 

 Stachyptilum 1 n., Pavonaria 1, Pennatula 4 n., Pteroeides In. If a larger 

 series of specimens of Sympodium were available the differences between the 

 6 species described might prove to be merely variational or modificational, 

 similarly with regard to the species of Acanthogorgia and Acamptogorgia, while 

 in Acis and Muricella the spicule forms vary within such wide limits, even 

 in the same colony, that the new species founded must be regarded as ten- 

 tative. Chironephthya macrospiculata n. is noteworthy for its large spicules 

 which may attain a length of 8,3 mm., those of Spongodes uliginosa n. are 

 8 mm. long. In nearly every zooid of Agaricoides numerous Foraminifera were 

 found surrounded by the ectoderm cells of the stomodseum and also enclosed 

 within the pinnules of the tentacles. The dimorphism which Gray recorded in 

 his Paragorgia nodosa is confirmed in P. splendens n. Ova or embryos (or both) 

 are present in the siphonozooid canals or cavities of the 2 sp. of Sarcophytum. 

 For viviparity in these species see below p 35 Thomson & Henderson ( 3 ). 



Thomson & Henderson ( 2 ) describe 65 species, 25 of which are new; 3 sp. 

 (2 u.) are from the Cape Verde Islands, the rest from Zanzibar. This col- 

 lection and that of Herdman from Ceylon (42 sp.) have only 3 species in common, 

 viz. Glavularia margaritiferce , Xenia umbellata and Paraspongodes striata. 

 The following are recorded - Glavularia, 14 (7 n. and 1 n. var. ; the ernbiyos 

 of pregnans cause a protuberance on the polyp a short distance below the 

 mouth, they seem to be liberated by rupture of the delicate body wall), Sym- 

 podium 4 (2 n.), Tubipora 1, Xenia 6 (1 u. and 1 n. var.), Heteroxenia 1, 



