HELIX. 113 



tradistinction to his usual term, " umbilicus large, exhibit- 

 ing the volutions distinctly." Not only could Say have 

 never applied the term " umbilicus moderate r to a per- 

 forated shell like inornata Binn., but his remarks under 

 H. ligera would never apply to it. He says that shell is 

 distinguished from glaphyra by having a smaller umbili- 

 cus, a condition fulfilled by inornata Binn., but evidently 

 quite wanting in cellaria. The circumstance of the adop- 

 tion of the name glaphyra by Western Conchologists can 

 have but little weight, since they have not accompanied 

 their lists with descriptions, and have not generally had 

 access to Say's writings. Any one acquainted with the 

 many singular errors abounding in the European treat- 

 ment of American land shells, will not be surprised to find 

 this species incorrectly determined abroad. Its synonymy 

 now stands : 



Helix cellaria MULL, anno 1773, LAM. PFEIFFER, &c. 



BINNEY, Boston Journ. iii. 421, Nov. 1840; Terrestrial Mollusks, 



ii. 230, 1851; iii. pi. xxix. f. 4, 1857. 

 GOULD, Invert, of Mass. 180, f. 104, 1841. 

 DEKAY, N. Y. Moll. 37, pi. iii. f. 25. 1843. 

 LINSLEY, Shells of Vt.; Silliman's J. 48, p. 280, 1845. 

 STIMPSON, Shells of N. E. 55, 1851, absque descr. 

 Helix glaphyra SAY, Nich. Enc. vol. iv. Am. ed. pi. i. f. 3, 1816-1819. 

 FERUSSAC, Tab. Syst. 45, 1822, absque descr. 

 non PFEIFFER, Symbolse, i. 60, 1841 ; ii. 80, 1843 ; non Mon. Hel. 



Viv. i. 57, 1848; iii. 63, 1853. 

 non REEVE, Con. Icon, 

 non DESK AYES, in Fer. pi. Ixxxiv. f. 9, 10, teste Pfr. 



Those persons who, like my friend Mr. Bland, do not 

 assent to Dr. Binney's determination of H. glaphyra^ but 

 refer to it inornata Binn., are forced to find some shell on 

 which to place Say's name of inornata. Mr. Bland would 

 refer it to Icevigata Pf. There is nothing in Say's descrip- 

 tion of inornata which directly opposes this construction, 

 though it would be strange for Mr. Say to overlook the 

 great peculiarity of H. Icevigata, its striate upper surface 

 and smooth base. But the habitat, Pennsylvania, which 



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