NARCISSUS LILIUM. 



91 



violet, temperature, and nitric acid; and the very low 

 reaction with chloral hydrate. 



(5) In the hybrid the very high sulphuric-acid 

 reaction; the high reactions with polarization, iodine, 

 chromic acid, and pyrogallic acid; the moderate reac- 

 tions with gentian violet, safranin, and temperature; 

 the low reaction with nitric acid ; and the very low reac- 

 tion with chloral hydrate. 



The following is a summary of the reaction-intensi- 

 ties (10 reactions) : 



NOTES OF THE NARCISSI. 



The starches of the narcissi belong according to the 

 foregoing data to the moderate to very low reaction 

 group average value low. The reaction-intensities, in- 

 cluding the ten reactions (polarization, iodine, gentian 

 violet, safranin, temperature, chloral hydrate, chromic 

 acid, pyrogallic acid, nitric acid, and sulphuric acid), 

 which were studied in all the sets, show that nearly 

 70 per cent are moderate or low (nearly equally divided), 

 and about 10 per cent very low. From the records of 

 Set 2 and Chart E 14, where 26 reactions are recorded, 

 there are about 50 per cent of the reactions that are 

 moderate or low and about 30 per cent very low. The 

 comparatively lower reactivities shown by the latter are 

 owing to the fact that the additional reagents represented 

 include a relatively large number that are among the 

 least reactive with starches in general. 



The curves of the composite charts (Charts E 13 to 

 E 24 inclusive) show a close general correspondence in 

 the courses, indicating clearly in comparison with charts 

 of other genera a definite type of Narcissus curve. The 

 closeness of the parental and hybrid curves varies in the 

 different charts. The sulphuric-acid reactions reach 

 completion so rapidly that differentiation of the starches 

 can be made only, if at all, at the very onset of the 

 reaction. With the other agents there is closeness, or 

 even marked closeness, inclination to separation of the 

 curves being most marked in the reactions with chromic 

 acid and pyrogallic acid, especially in the former. The 

 two parental curves bear varying relations to each other, 

 not only in the different sets but also in each set, some- 

 times the seed parent and sometimes the pollen parent 

 showing the higher reactivity, and sometimes both are 

 the same or practically the same. 



The hybrids bear varying relationships to the parents, 

 not only in the different sets but also in each set, each 

 being in one reaction the same or practically the same 

 as one parent or the other or both, and in another inter- 

 mediate or developed in excess or deficit. Even the off- 

 spring of the same cross may show differences in the 

 same reaction, as, for instance, the hybrids N. poeticus 

 herrick and N. poeticus dante. The varying relation- 

 ships of the hybrids are indicated grossly in the follow- 

 ing recapitulation : 



Summaries of Reaction-intensities of the Various Hybrids (10 

 Reactions Each, Except in One; 146 in All): 



A corresponding shifting of relationship of the 

 parents to each other and of the hybrid to the parents 

 was recorded in the histologic characteristics, polariscopic 

 figures, reactions with selenite, qualitative reactions with 

 iodine, and qualitative reactions with the various chemi- 

 cal reagents. Among these will be found not only prop- 

 erties which are nearer to or identical with one or the 

 other parent or the same as in both parents, or developed 

 in excess or deficit, but also properties that are peculiar 

 to the hybrid. 



25. COMPARISONS OF THE STARCHES OP LILIUM 

 MARTAGON ALBUM, L. MACULATUM, AND L. 



MARHAN. 



In histologic characteristics, polariscopic figures, 

 reactions with selenite, qualitative reactions with iodine, 

 and qualitative reactions with the various chemical 

 reagents all three starches exhibit properties in common 

 in various degrees of development, the sum of which in 

 each case is distinctive. The starch of Lilium macu- 

 latum in comparison with that of L. mart agon album 

 contains a less number of aggregates and compound 

 grains, the grains are somewhat more irregular, and 

 there is a form of irregularity that is peculiar. The 

 hiluni is more distinct, much more often fissured, and 

 somewhat, more eccentric. The lamellae are less fine, 

 more distinct, and less numerous. In size the grains 

 are on the whole broader, absolutely and proportionately, 

 in breadth to length. In the polariscopic, selenite, and 

 qualitative iodine reactions there are various differences. 

 In the qualitative reactions with chloral hydrate, chromic 

 acid, potassium hydroxide, cobalt nitrate, and cupric 

 chloride there are numerous differences, some of which 

 are quite striking. The starch of the hybrid shows in 

 form a closer relationship to that of L. maculatum. 

 The hilum is more often fissured and occupied by a 

 cavity than in either parent, and in character and eccen- 

 tricity is in closer relationship to L. martagon album. 

 The lamellae are as distinct and fine as in L. martagon 

 album, but in general characteristics and arrangement 

 are the same as in both parents. In size the relationship 



