Professor Andreios's Address 15 



But time presses and I must limit my remarks to a brief 

 mention of a few of the published writings of Professor 

 Brooks, the zoologist. Leaving the practical aspect of his 

 work aside, as that has been recalled by one most fitted 

 to do it justice, the work of Professor Brooks was of so 

 fundamental a nature that it can scarcely be dealt with 

 without serious study. Born ten years after Darwin first 

 put on paper his theory of evolution by natural selection, 

 and ten years before that theory was published, Dr. 

 Brooks was naturally most deeply affected by the great 

 wave of acceptance of natural selection as the means of 

 evolution. 



His first book, "Heredity," printed after ten years of 

 thought and discussion, was an ingenious attempt to 

 reconcile Darwin's subsidiary hypothesis of "pangenesis" 

 with the conflicting facts of Galton. It is a book full of 

 new points of view and novel thought, and, though the 

 author was led by discovery of later facts to abandon the 

 applications there made, the book will remain as an 

 important stage in the growth of our thought upon the 

 means of evolution. 



As an illustration of the long-continued interest in 

 problems and the tenacity of purpose which were charac- 

 teristic of the mind of Professor Brooks, may be selected 

 a brief mention of his study of those little-known, but 

 beautiful, marine animals, the Salpas. First, in 1875, in 

 the laboratory of Alexander Agassiz, Dr. Brooks dis- 

 covered that the remarkable phenomenon of "alternation 

 of generations," discovered in these salpas by the poet- 

 naturalist Chamisso, in 1814, did not really exist there at 

 all. While the point here involved may be difficult to ex- 

 press without too technical treatment, it was this. Pro- 

 fessor Brooks discovered that the animals supposed to 

 make the eggs did not do so, but merely took care of the 

 eggs that were put into them full-formed. He simply said 

 the producers of eggs must be females. Granting the facts 

 the conclusion seems evident, though investigators of 



