OF THE VOICE AND SPEECH. 103 



*o intricate and so little understood, that even the 

 division of letters and their distribution into classes * 

 is attended with much difficulty. 



The division, however, of Ammann,f into vowels, 

 semi-vowels, and consonants, is very natural : 



I. He divides the vowels into simple a, c, ?', y, o, u, 

 and mixed a, o, u. 



These are formed by merely the VOICE. 

 The semi-vowels and consonants are articulated by 

 the mechanism of SPEECH. 



II. The semi-vowels are nasal m, n, ng (n before g, 

 which is nearly related to it), that is, the labio-nasal m, 

 the dente-nasal n, and the gutture-nasal ny ; or oral 

 (lingual) r, I, that is, r with a vibration of the tongue, 

 or I with the tongue less moved. 



III. The 'consonants are distinguished into hissing 

 (pronounced in succession) h, y, ch, s, sch, f, v, pk, 

 that is h, formed in the throat, as it were a mere aspi- 

 ration ; y and c/t true consonants ; s, sch, produced 

 between the teeth; /, v., pli, formed by the applica- 

 tion of the lower lip to the upper front teeth: and 

 explosive (which are, in a manner, at once exploded, 

 by an expiration, for some time suppressed or inter- 



sonorum omnium loyui'larium formatione tract, grammatico-p/iysicus. Ed. 6. 

 Loncl. 1765. 8vo. 



Gottl. Conr. Chr. Storr, De Formatione Loquelce. Tubing. 1781. 4to. 



* K. G. Anton, Uber Sprache in Rilcksicht auf Geschichte tier Menschheit, 

 Gorlitz. 1799. 8vo. 



Er. Danvin, Temple of Nature. Addit. Notes, p. 1 12. 



t His S/trdus Loyuens. Amst. 1692. 8vo. With tlie Dissert.de Loijuela. 

 Jb. 1700. 



J Respecting their formation, consult Chr. Tbeoph. Kratzcnstcin, Tentamtn, 

 recommended above. 



