442 VARIETIES OF MANKIND. 



convex, and the edge of the latter, according to a remark of 

 Mr. Fyfe of Edinburgh, very sharp ; the calves are placed high ; 

 the os calcis instead of forming an arch is on a line with the 

 other bones of the foot, which is of great breadth 3 the toes are 

 long ; the penis large and frequently destitute of fraenum. Mr. 

 White, from whom many of these remarks are derived, describes 

 the testes and scrotum as small ; the skin is thicker,* and, 

 finally, the term of life generally shorter, than in Europeans. 



Nearly all these facts demonstrate rather a less distance of the 

 Negro than of the European from the brute creation. But with an 

 inferiority to the Caucasians so slight if compared with his immense 

 superiority over the most intelligent brutes, so insensibly running 

 into the Caucasian and all the other varieties, so liable to innu- 

 merable diversities of conformation as well as bearing some re- 

 semblance to brutes, and so certainly bearing no more resemblance 

 to them in some points nor so much in others as many tribes of 

 other varieties, the poor negro might justly class those of us who 

 philosophically view him as merely a better sort of monkey or 

 who desire to traffic in his blood, not only below himself but be- 

 low apes in intellect and below tigers in feeling and propensity. 



" Indica tigris agit rabida cum tigride pacem 

 Perpetuam. Saevis inter se convenit ursis." t~ 



The Malays have but little hair upon the chin and possess a 

 great developement of the parts of the head above the ears. 



The Mongolians are remarkably square and robust ; their 

 shoulders high ; their extremities short and thick. 



The Americans have small hands and feet, and are nearly des- 

 titute of beard. Shorter in the forehead than the Mongolians, 

 they have not so great intellectual distinction. 



* The temperature of the Negro has been said to be two degrees cooler 

 than that of Europeans, and the voluptuous therefore to prefer a Negress in 

 summer, a fair Circassian in spring and autumn, and an European brunette 

 in winter. 



) Juvenal. Sat. xv. 163. 



+ Spurzheim, Physiognomical System. 



