96 Class V. Order I. 



as long- as the calyx. Flowers of a fine purple, the two lateral 

 petals furnished with a glandular beard, and nearly resembing 

 those of V. cucullata, from which this plant is possibly derived. 

 Uplands. May, June. Perennial. 



VIOLA PEDATA. Lt. Pedate Violet. 



Stemless ; leaves pedate, seven parted. L. 



A large flowering species, very distinct from the other Ameri- 

 can violets. Root fleshy, furnishing- the best example we pos- 

 sess of the premorse or abrupt form. Petioles furnished at the 

 base with long, ciliate stipules. Leaves perfectly pedate, con- 

 sisting of from five to nine segments, which are wedge-formed 

 and lanceolate, and mostly toothed at the end, the middle one dis- 

 tinct, the lateral ones connected. Segments of the calyx very 

 long and linear. Petals pale purple, white or yellowish at base, 

 all of them beardless and without striae. Stigma compressed, its 

 apex obliquely truncate, perforated. Woods and dry soils. 

 May, June. Perennial. 



VIOLA SAGITTATA. Jlit. Jlrrow leaved Violet. 



Stemless ; leaves mostly smooth, oblong, heart- 

 arrow shaped, cut at the base, serrate, petals bearded. 



Leaves in most plants smooth, oblong or ovate, obtuse or 

 acute, bluntly serrate, the lower serratures large and divergent, 

 giving the leaf a hastate appearance. Petals dark purple, white 

 at base, strongly bearded. Flowers rather erect. In low grounds 

 near the colleges, Cambridge. May, June. Perennial. 



VIOLA OVATA. Nutt. Spade leaved Violet. 



Stemless ; leaves ovate, crenate, hairy ; petiole 

 margined. 

 Syn. VIOLA PRIMULIFOLJA. Pursh. 



This violet grows on dry hills and pastures, and is nearly re- 

 lated to the foregoing, from which it has probably descended un- 

 der the influence of a dry soil. The leaves are hairy on both 

 sides, ovate, sometimes cut at the base like V. sagittata. Flowers 

 paler purple, and very numerous. The whole plant is highly 

 mucilaginous. Common in barren soils. May. Perennial. 



