292 Class XIX. Order I. 



Stem fleshy, hollow, covered with long, fine wool. Leaves 

 clasping-, pinnatifid, woolly and hairy, their lobes rather short, 

 ending in short rigid spines. Flowers large, axillary and termi- 

 nal, invested at base by an involucre of linear leafets, which are 

 edged with short, firm thorns. Calyx oblong, its scales loosely 

 erect, mucronated, ending in spines and connected by a web. 

 Florets yellowish white. Anthers reddish. Low fields &c. 

 Biennial. 



CNICUS LANCEOLATUS. Willd. Spear Thistle. 



Leaves decurrent, pinnatifid, hispid ; the segments 

 divaricate ; calyx ovate, villous ; stem hairy. Sm. 



Sytl. C-ARDUUS LANCEOLjlTUS. L. 



Very common by road sides and in waste ground, usually three 

 or four feet in height. Stem upright, furrowed, hairy, and 

 winged by the decurrent base of the leaves. Leaves white and 

 woolly underneath, pinnatifid, half the lobes divaricated, tipt 

 with long and very acute spines. Flowers terminal, purple, 

 numerous, above the middle size. Calyx ovate, contracted to 

 a small neck, its scales tipt with sharp, ascending spines, and 

 connected with a downy web. Receptacle hairy. Seed down 

 feathery. Flowers from June to September. Biennial. 



CNICUS DISCOLOR. Willd. Tall Thistle. 



Leaves sessile, pinnatifid, hairy, downy underneath ; 

 the segments two lobed, divaricate, spiuous ; calyx 

 globular, pubescent, with ovate, appressed scales, the 

 spines spreading. 



A very slender, erect thistle, five or six feet high. Leaves 

 whitish-downy underneath ; flowers small, purple. About thick- 

 ets. August. Biennial. 



CNICUS PUMILUS. Nutt. Pasture Thistle. 



Stem hairy ; leaves green on both sides, clasping, 

 oblong-lanceolate and pinnatifid, the segments irregu- 

 larly lobed, ciliated and spinous ; calyx round-ovate, 

 naked ; scales spinous. 



Very common in dry pastures and by road sides. Stem thick, 



