Class XXII. Order XIII. 371 



to the parent tree, that they have been repeatedly mistaken for 

 individuals of a different species. The barren flowers grow in 

 small oblong aments, formed by peltate scales with the anther 

 concealed within them. The fertile flowers have a proper pe- 

 rianth, which coalesces with the germ and forms a small, round- 

 ish berry, with two or three seeds, covered on its outer surface 

 with a bright blue powder. The wood of the Red Cedar is 

 light and very durable. It constitutes an excellent material for 

 posts, to which use it is commonly appropriated with us. The 

 leaves resemble Savin in their medicinal properties, and are 

 particularly used as a topical stimulant. 

 JUNIPERUS COMMONUNIS. Common Juniper. 



Bigelow, Medical Botany, PI. xliv. 



Leaves ternate, spreading, mucronate, longer than 

 the berry. 



Variety depressa. Stems prostrate. 

 Syn. JUNIPERUS REPENS. Nutt. 



The Juniper is with us always a shrub, never rising into a 

 tree. The stems are prostrate, rooting, and forming large beds. 

 The tips of the branches are smooth and angular. Leaves in 

 threes, linear-acerose, sharply mucronate, shining green on their 

 lower surface, but with a broad glaucous-line through the centre 

 of the upper. The leaves alwa} r s resupinate, and turn their up- 

 per surface toward the ground. The barren flowers grow in 

 small axillary aments, with roundish, acute, stipitate scales, in- 

 closing several anthers. The fertile flowers, growing on a sepa- 

 rate shrub, have a small three parted calyx growing to the germ ; 

 and three styles. The fruit is a fleshy, roundish, oblong berry, 

 of a dark purplish colour, formed of the germ and confluent ca- 

 lyx, marked with three prominences or vesicles at top, and con- 

 taining three seeds. It requires two seasons to arrive at maturi- 

 ty from the flower. In dry woods, Roxbury, Brookline. 



432. TAXUS. 

 TAXUS CANADENSIS. Willd. Dwarf Yew. 



Leaves linear, two ranked, revolute at the edge ; 

 receptacles of the barren flowers globose. 



Syn. TAXUS BACCATA, minor, jl/.r. 



