340 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



gallantly does that which throe Englishmen were going to do and 

 not doing, did less than might still have been done and comes home 

 and tells the thrilling tale when and where he found the great Living- 

 stone, and in his sore need helped him. 



Mr. Stanley's story is so well known that a brief outline of the 

 work he found accomplished after the meeting at Ujiji, November 3, 

 1871, will be sufficient to complete this sketch. 



Leaving the renegade Johannese to carry home their lie, Living- 

 stone first crosses the Chambezi River in latitude 11 S., which, relying 

 on Portuguese information, he passed unnoticed as the head of his own 

 Zambesi, but which afterward was to prove such a name of note. In 

 the beginning of 1867, he enters Londa, where he is kindly received by 

 the chief Cazembe, and enters upon the exploration of the regions to 

 the east. Lake Liemba, first visited, he ascertains to be the southern 

 extension of Lake Tanganyika, which covers a latitudinal area of 360 

 miles. After many and complicated wanderings among the waters of 

 this vast region, he reaches Ujiji in the March of 1869, and it was then 

 the letter was written which has been quoted. Crossing Tanganyika 

 in the following June, he reaches TTgujma on its western side, and, en- 

 tering Rua (Speke's Ururoa), commences a long series of journeys of 

 which the details are yet his own secret. 



But a bird's-eye view is given us. First, a vast water-shed between 

 latitude 10 and 12 S., a tree-covered belt, some 700 miles from east to 

 west. From a plain 4,000 to 5,000 feet above the level of the sea, moun- 

 tains rise to a height of from 6,000 to 7,000 feet, taking the same level. 

 Countless brooks on this wide upland converge and form broad streams 

 that flow toward the centre of a far-extending trough, which Livingstone 

 supposes to be the valley of the Nile. Three large rivers form primary 

 sources in this great valley ; and these unite in what he calls " an enor- 

 mous lacustrine river." This is the Lualaba " Webb's Lualaba," as he 

 names it, after his friend, the owner of Newstead, to distinguish it from 

 other streams bearing the same appellation. In the valley are five con- 

 siderable lakes. First, Bemba, or Bangweolo, into which the Cham- 

 bezi flows the most conspicuous among many other river-sources. 

 Out of Bangweolo runs theLuapula, to enter the beautiful lake Moero, 

 from which a stream, " Webb's Lualaba," pours impetuously through 

 a rift in the surrounding mountains, and, spreading out in the plain- 

 country beyond, winds away in a course of confusing tortuousness, till 

 it enters Lake Kamolondo. The Lufira, the second of the three great 

 primary rivers, discharges itself into the Lualaba, north of Kamolondo. 

 Then comes the third, the Lomami, which, flowing from a lake west- 

 ward of Kamolondo " Lake Lincoln," as Livingstone styles it fed by 

 another Lualaba, joins the central drainage-line lower down. The 

 three thus uniting, a mighty stream flows northward toward a lake, 

 which may be that discovered by an Italian explorer, Paggia, but 

 which Livingstone designates as the " Unknown Lake ; " for at this 



