DR. LIVINGSTONE. 



34i 



point his researches are brought to a stop by the mutiny of his men, 

 and, in a state of mind bordering on despair, and utterly destitute, 

 he wanders back to Ujiji, leaving about 180 miles of country unex- 

 plored the casket containing the crown of his discoveries. 



When he first began the journeys which led to them from Lake 

 Moero, he could learn nothing from natives about the central line of 

 drainage, after leaving that lake. It might pass eastward into Tan- 

 ganyika ; and if so, and Tanganyika was found to be connected with 

 the Albert Nyanza, then the Chambezi would be the farthest source of 

 the Nile to the south ; but, in this case, the configuration of the coun- 

 try showed that it would have to run up-hill. Or it might flow west- 

 ward, and be found to be none other than the source of the Congo or 

 Niger. To throw light on this point, Manyuema, or, as the Arabs 

 called it, Manyema, a splendid country, but little known, and whose 

 inhabitants were reported to be cannibals, though Livingstone rather 

 ridicules the idea, had to be visited. Then followed the discovery of 

 Lake Kamolondo, the southern end, in lat. 6 30' S., and the great cen- 

 tral drain of the Lualaba. But, then, what of the Kamolondo outflow? 

 Here Livingstone is left to himself; the natives know can tell him 

 nothing ; his chronometers are defective, and he cannot depend on his 

 reckonings ; but he traces the northeast set of the Lufira and Lomami, 

 and sees that the western, like the eastern boundary of the great val- 

 ley, is elevated. He observes, too, that the central line of the Luala- 

 ba maintains a steady though sinuous northward flow ; hence, he is led 

 to the conclusion that this river and lake system has nothing to do 

 with the Congo, but that his tedious wanderings have been to and fro 

 among the head-waters of the Nile. 



In the mean time, the question is, and will be, keenly debated. The 

 River Kasai, Livingstone's old friend on the Loando journey, flowing 

 into the Congo, bears another name, Loke, among the natives, and is 

 said by them to wind out of a " Nyanja," or lake. The Lomami, ac- 

 cording to Livingstone, is also called the " Loeki." Does this simi- 

 larity of name warrant the conclusion that the Kasai is only a prolon- 

 gation of the river, with its source in the Manyema country ? The 

 Kasai, with the Quango and Lubilash the two former rising west of 

 the water-shed in the latitude of Lake Bangweolo were always pre- 

 sumed, on Portuguese authority, to be the sources of the great western 

 river. Can the Lualaba proved to be connected with the Loeki or Lo- 

 mami take a westward course after its prolonged northing, and, over- 

 throwing Livingstone's assumption, become the Congo feeder ? If not, 

 another question arises : What is the course of the Lualaba after leav- 

 ing the Unknown Lake? Do these great waters find a channel to the 

 eastward, and empty themselves into the Albert Nyanza ? If, ac- 

 cording to Sir S. Baker's observations, the elevation of that lake is 

 2,700 feet, the lower level of Kamolondo, which is 2,000 feet above the 

 sea, must necessarily preclude that. 



