602 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE NMOTHLY. 



most minute examination that I could convince myself it was not so." 

 And of a leaf -butterfly he says : " We find representations of leaves 

 in every stage of decay, variously blotched and mildewed, and pierced 

 with holes, and in many cases irregularly covered with powdery black 

 dots, gathered into patches and spots, so closely resembling the various 

 kinds of minute fungi that grow on dead leaves that it is impossible 

 to avoid thinking at first sight that the butterflies themselves have 

 been attacked by real fungi." 



Mimicry is the resemblance which poorly protected animals bear to 

 others well protected. Several species of edible butterflies imitate the 

 Heliconidce and others, which are protected by fetid odors ; other 



a 



d 



Fig. 7. a, Doliops sp., mimics 5, Pachyrhynchus orbifer ; c, Doliops ci/rcidioncides, mimics d, 

 Pachyrhynchus sp. ; e, Scepastvs pachyrhynchoides (a grasshopper), mimics/, Apocyrtus ; g, 

 Doliops sp.. mimics h, Pachyrhynchus sp. ; i, Phorospis sp. (a grasshopper), mimics k, a Coc- 

 cinella. All from the Philippines, of natural size. It is evident that the great similarity of the 

 creatures to those they mimic is less conspicuous in the engraving than in real life, since the 

 exact correspondence in the coloring can not he given here. 



butterflies mimic wasps so closely that persons fear to handle them, 

 although the imitation does not extend to the sting. Innocent beetles 

 imitate other beetles which have hard shells or fetid glands. They 

 also mimic bees and wasps. Flies also mimic wasps, and grasshoppers 

 mimic beetles. Some moths almost exactly imitate the form and 

 color of humming-birds. Wallace states that some harmless snakes 



