WALLACE ON "DARWINISM." 89 



These three distinct stages of progress from the inorganic world of matter and 

 motion up to man, point clearly to an unseen universe — to a world of spirit, to 

 which the world of matter is altogether subordinate.* 



And again : 



Those who admit my interpretation of the evidence now adduced — strictly 

 scientific evidence in its appeal to facts which are clearly what ought not to be on 

 the materialistic theory — will be able to accept the spiritual nature of man, as not 

 in any way inconsistent with the theory of evolution, but as dependent upon those 

 fundamental laws and causes which furnish the very materials for evolution to 

 work with.t 



Declarations such as these, coming from such an authority, 

 must doubtless be very comforting to those minds which feel 

 themselves compelled to receive the evidence for evolution but 

 shrink from materialism, which feel convinced that materialism 

 can not be true, and yet have an uneasy suspicion that evolution 

 points to it as a logical conclusion. But if we admit with Mr. 

 Wallace that variation and natural selection are not adequate to 

 explain the evolution of man's higher qualities and faculties, we 

 are not merely delivered from the acceptance of materialism, we 

 are invited and even compelled (as has been urged in a former 

 part of this paper) to review the whole question of the extent of 

 the application of Mr. Darwin's great principle. He would be a 

 rash man who, in the face of Mr. Darwin, Mr. Wallace, and the 

 whole generation of naturalists who have followed in their steps, 

 should deny that natural selection was a vera causa in creative 

 work ; but there is no rashness or audacity in maintaining what 

 Mr. Darwin did not deny, and what Mr. Wallace emphatically 

 affirms, namely, that there is needed for the explanation of phe- 

 nomena something beyond, and essentially different from, the 

 process of natural selection. All seems to point beyond matter 

 into the region of mind, beyond mechanical sequence to purpose, 

 beyond all verai causm to the causa causarum, beyond Nature 

 to God. 



I will close this paper by recording an incident which was 

 communicated to me some years ago in the course of conversa- 

 tion by Dr. Thompson, the late Master of Trinity College, Cam- 

 bridge. 



Dr. Thompson was walking, in his college days, with two com- 

 panions, one of whom was Alfred Tennyson ; of the name of the 

 other I am not sure. The path by which they went was one 

 which all Cambridge men know, namely, that which leads from 

 the backs of the colleges through the fields toward Coton. After 

 passing the brook, which used to be crossed (and perhaps is now) 

 by a rude wooden bridge, it was perceived that Tennyson had 



* Page 476. t Ibid. 



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