13° 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



cause humanity is endowed with the gift of 

 direct vision into divinity, are accepting 

 what Edwards proclaimed, what constitutes 

 the positive feature of his theology. There 

 are those who have made the transition from 

 the old Calvinism, through the mediation of 

 this principle, to a larger theology as if by a 

 natural process. Among these typical think- 

 ers were Thomas Erskine, McLeod Camp- 

 bell, and Bishop Ewing in Scotland, or the 

 late Mr. Maurice in England. These and 

 such as these, in whom the God-conscious- 

 ness is supreme, are the true continuators of 

 the work of Jonathan Edwards." 



Exercises in Wood-working; with a Short 

 Treatise on Wood. By Ivin Sickels. 

 New York: D. Appleton & Co. Pp. 158, 

 with Plates. 



This book is written for manual train- 

 ing classes in schools and colleges, having 

 been prepared in the first instance in manu- 

 script for the students in the College of the 

 City of New York. The manuscript was 

 copied for other schools. Many changes and 

 additions were made under the suggestions 

 of subsequent teaching ; and it is now print- 

 ed and published, for all who desire a vol- 

 ume of the kind. Being the product and 

 result of work in teaching, it could hardly 

 be other than a working book ; and a work- 

 ing book, so far as it reveals itself to a critic's 

 ken, it is. Its scope is the presentation of 

 the facts which are most essential to the 

 wood-worker's success and the good execu- 

 tion of his work, and of directions for the 

 use of his tools and for manipulation. These 

 facts and directions are given in a simple, 

 concise style, intelligible to any pupil of or- 

 dinary sense. The book deals particularly 

 with carpentry and joinery, and is divided 

 into two parts. The first part treats of the 

 structure, properties, and kinds of wood ; 

 its manufactures and economic relations to 

 other substances ; parasitic plants and in- 

 sects, and means of preserving wood ; under 

 these heads are articles on the structure and 

 composition of wood, branching of stems, 

 age of trees, their decay, the season for 

 cutting, milling, drying, and warping, the 

 properties and defects of wood, its measure 

 and values, and the kinds of wood. The 

 several species used in wood-work, coarse 

 and fine, are named and described; their 

 value is estimated, their special qualities are 



pointed out, and the purposes indicated to 

 which they are applied. This is followed by 

 a tabular exhibit of the qualities of the va- 

 rious kinds of wood. A few words are given 

 to the relations of wood and iron, and the 

 wood-working trades are mentioned, and car- 

 pentry and joinery defined. A description of 

 parasitic plants or fungi injurious to living 

 trees and lumber follows ; an account of in- 

 jurious insects, prepared expressly for the 

 book by Mr. Bashford Dean, and directions 

 concerning the preservation of wood are given. 

 The second part contains the exercises, pre- 

 ceded by a description of tools. The directions 

 for the care and use of tools are explicit, and 

 are illustrated by drawings representing the 

 method of handling each tool, and the mark 

 it makes. These exercises are followed by 

 those concerning the forming and fixing of 

 the several kinds of joints, gluing, making 

 boxes, with hinging tops, drawers, and gen- 

 erally on uniting several pieces to make a 

 complete structure; a series on the details 

 of ordinary house carpentry, whence models 

 may be constructed and the building of the 

 various parts making up a wooden dwelling 

 learned; the use of the frame-saw and meth- 

 ods of bending wood ; pattern-work ; shap- 

 ing (boat model) by the use of templets ; and 

 veneering, with directions for painting and 

 polishing. 



The National Medical Dictionary. Two 

 vols. By John S. Billings, M. D., etc., 

 and Collaborators. Philadelphia : Lea 

 Brothers & Co. Price, $12. 



This work aims to define " every medical 

 term in current use in English, French, Ger- 

 man, and Italian medical literature, including 

 the Latin medical terminology of all of these 

 languages." The pronunciation' of English 

 and Latin terms is indicated, and the deriva- 

 tion of most English and Anglicized Latin 

 words (except names of drugs and plants) is 

 given. The dictionary does not attempt to 

 be cyclopedic, but gives simply brief defi- 

 nitions of the words and phrases included in 

 its list. Prefixed to the first volume is a 

 number of tables, including a table of doses, 

 of antidotes, of the inch and metre system 

 of numbering spectacle-glasses, of thermo- 

 metric scales, of the average dimensions of 

 the foetus at different ages, of the average 

 dimensions of the parts and organs of the 

 adult human body, and of the weights of the 



