5 i6 



THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



muscles to contract under pleasurable emotions is shown by a cu- 

 rious fact communicated to me by Dr. Browne with respect to 

 patients suffering from general paralysis of the insane : ' In this 

 malady there is almost invariably optimism — delusions as to 

 wealth, rank, grandeur — insane joyousness, benevolence, and pro- 

 fusion, while its very earliest physical symptom is trembling at 

 the corners of the mouth and at the outer corners of the eyes. 

 This is a well-recognized fact/ " 



We have, then, sufficient evidence that the effect produced by 

 a galvanic current on the portion of brain marked 7 in Fender's 



Pig. 2.— Diagram op Cranio 



Some of the results of observations made by 

 the early phrenologists : 



a, Hope : the organ of cheerfulness. 



b, Imitation : the organ of mimicry. 



c, Alimentiveness : the gustatory organ. 



d, Cautiousness : the organ of circumspection, 



fear, timidity. 



e, Veneration: the organ of submission, re- 



spect, devotion. 



/, Attachment: the organ of friendship. 



-Cerebra-l Relations. (Reid.) 



Some of the results of experiments made by 

 modern physiologists : 



o, Center for the movements of the elevator 



muscles (elevating the cheeks and angles 



of the mouth). 



b, Facial Nerve Center : center for facial move- 

 ments. 



c, Gustatory Center. 



d, Center for movements of the platysma my- 

 oides, the muscle of fright. 



e, Center for movements of the arm and rais- 

 ing of the shoulders. Patience Muscles. 



topography is the physical expression of joy. "We know, then, for 

 positive that pleasurable emotions excite this center. But I do 

 not say that it is the function of the center to produce an emo- 

 tion of joy — a manner after which the old phrenologists would 

 have expressed themselves — I merely note that all pleasurable 

 emotions produce a nerve-current, which takes its start in this 

 region. 



