664 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



More extended observations were made in 1885 by the late Dr. 

 Ludwig Wolf, who accompanied Lieutenant Wissmann's expedi- 

 tion, and spent some time in the Kassai region. He says that the 

 Batwa in some places live side by side with the Bakuba — in others 

 they have settlements of their own, hidden away in the dense 

 forest. They are most numerous about the parallel of 5° south. 

 Each sub-chief of the Bakuba has a Batwa village assigned to him, 

 whose inhabitants supply him with palm- wine and game. The 

 independent Batwa of the forest sometimes offer dried meat in ex- 

 change for manioc or maize to the Bakuba, at periodical markets 

 held on neutral ground. Dr. Wolf experienced some difficulty in 

 obtaining accurate measurements ; but the first series of those he 

 was able to record gave 1*44 * metre as a maximum, and 1*40 m. as 

 a minimum. On a later occasion he found that the heights ob- 

 tained ranged between 1*30 m. and 1*35 m. — which last figure is 

 somewhat less than that given for Stanley's dwarf. 



Dr. Wolf was disposed to think that there is in this respect 

 little if any difference between the Batwa and the Bushmen. For 

 the rest, he says that they were in general tolerably well formed, 

 " und machten durchaus den Eindruck des Normalen." The skull 

 was not markedly prognathous, and no ape-like peculiarities were 

 noticeable. They followed no particular custom in the disposal of 

 their dead, and were, like other Africans, firm believers in witch- 

 craft, f 



According to Major Wissmann, these Batwa hunt with dogs, 

 and, indeed, possess a superior breed of greyhounds. 



Mr. C. S. Latrobe Bateman, in Under the Lone Star, speaks of 

 two nomadic tribes — the " Batwa Bankonko " and the " Batwa 

 Basingi" — the former of whom were the terror of the Bakete, 

 who, to obtain protection from them, became tributary to the Ba- 

 kuba. He makes no mention, however, of their racial pecul- 

 iarities. 



The Obongo, discovered by Du Chaillu in 1865, inhabit the 

 Ashango country, in the mountains south of the Ogowe\ They 

 were " stoutly built, like chimpanzees," with broad chests and mus- 

 cular limbs ; some of them were not more than four feet in height, 

 others from four feet two inches to four feet seven inches. They 

 were " of a dirty-yellow color," with hair growing in tufts ; and 

 lived in the same sort of relation to the Ashangos as the Batwa to 

 the Bakuba. A full description of their settlement and its little 

 circular huts made of branches may be found in Du Chaillu's 

 Ashango-Land.]; 



The same people were seen by Dr. Lenz, when he ascended the 



* About four feet nine inches and a quarter. 



f Transactions Berlin Antlirop. Soc, 18S6. \ Pp. 315 sqq. 



