POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



711 



Gurney, E. H. Reference Handbook of English 

 History. Boston : Ginn & Co. Pp.114. 85 cents. 



Hale, Horatio. British Association Keport on 

 North American Ethnology. London. Pp. y7, -with 

 Plates. 



Howard, George E., University of Nebraska. 

 Development of the Kings Peace and the English 

 Local Peace-Magistracy. Pp. 65. 



Howe, H. M. The Metallurgy of Steel. New 

 York : Scientific Publishing Company. Pp. 380. 

 $10. 



Hyde, E. W. The Directional Calculus. Bos- 

 ton : Ginn & Co. Pp. 247. $2.15. 



Iowa, State University of. Bulletin from the 

 Laboratories of Natural History. Vols. Ill and IV. 

 Iowa City. Pp. 130, with Plates. 



Jones, Hon. John P., United States Senate. 

 Speech on the Free Coinage of Silver. Pp. 116. 



Jordan, David Starr. Catalogue of Fishes col- 

 lected by the United States Fish Commission Steam- 

 er Albatross. Washington: Smithsonian Institution. 



Jordan, David Starr, and Evermann, B. W. New 

 Species of Fish from Tippecanoe River, Ind. Pp. 4. 



Kiddle. Henry. A Text-Book of Physics. New 

 York: William Wood & Co. Pp. 2S8. $1. 



Lesquereux, Leo. Eemarks on some Fossil Re- 

 mains considered as Peculiar Kinds of Marine Plants. 

 Washington : Smithsonian Institution. Pp. 12, with 

 Plate. 



Lewis, T. H. Ancient Fireplaces on the Ohio. 

 Pp.5. 



Loti, Pierre. Earahu. New York : W. S. Gotts- 

 berger & Co. Pp. 296. 



Lucas, Frederic A. Catalogue of Skeletons of 

 Birds collected by the Steamer Albatross. Wash- 

 ington: Smithsonian Institution. Pp. 4. 



McGill Universitv, Montreal. Annual Calendar 

 of the Faculty of Medicine. Pp. 108. 



Mackay, A. H., Halifax, N. S. Fresh-water 

 Sponges of Canada and Newfoundland. Pp. 12, 

 with Plates. 



Mohr, Charles, Mobile, Ala. The Medicinal 

 Plants of Alabama. Pp. 17. 



Moll, Albert. Hypnotism. New York: Scribner 

 & Welford. Pp. 410. $1.25. 



Montgomery, D. H. The Leading Facts of Amer- 

 ican History. Boston : Ginn & Co. Pp. 359 + liii. 

 $1.10. 



Myerovitch. The Origin of Polar Motion. Chi- 

 cago : Rosenberg Brothers, Printers. Pp. 32. 



Nebraska, University of University Studies. 

 Vol. I, No. 3, July, 1S90. Lincoln. Pp. 104. 



New Jersey. Annual Report of the State Geolo- 

 gist for 1889. Pp. 112.— Final Report, Vol. II. Min- 

 eralogy, Botany, Zoology. Pp. 642. 



New York Agricultural Experiment Station's 

 Bulletins, Nos. 19 and 20 (New Series). Pp. 40. 



North, S. N. Dexter. Bulletin of the National 

 Association of Wool Manufacturers. Quarterly. 

 Pp.20. 50 cents. 



Payne, F. F., Toronto, Ontario. The Eskimo of 

 Cape Prince of Wales, Hudson's Strait. Pp. 3. 



Pickard, J. L. School Supervision. New York : 

 D. Apple ton & Co. Pp. 175. $1. 



Pyat, Felix. The Rag-Picker of Paris. Boston : 

 Benjamin R. Tucker. Pp. 317. 



Ridgway, Robert. The Genus Xiphocolaptes of 

 Lesson. P. 1. 



Sociedad de Fomente Fabril, Santiago, Chili. 

 Monthly publication. Pp. 48. 40 cents. 



Sutton. J. Bland. Evolution and Disease. New 

 York : Scribner & Welford. Pp. 285. $1.25. 



Tittmann. O. H. Table for the Reduction of 

 Hydrometer Observations of Salt- Water Densities. 

 Washington : Coast Survey. Pp. 3. 



Townsend, George Alfred. Mrs Reynolds and 

 Hamilton. New York : F. Bonaventure. Pp. 276. 

 50 cents. 



Wheeler, Captain George M. Report upon United 

 States Geographical Surveys west of the One Hun- 

 dredth Meridian. Washington : Government Print- 

 ing-office. Pp 771, with Maps. 



White. Charles A. Mesozoic Fossils from Islands 

 of the Strait ot Magellan. 



POPULAR MISCELLANY. 



The Water-Supply of Memphis.— The 



city of Memphis, Term., now possesses a 

 complete supply of pure water, which forces 

 itself through artesian wells from a depth 

 of about four hundred feet below the sur- 

 face. The artesian source was discovered in 

 1887 by Mr. R. C. Graves, of the Ice Com- 

 pany, who, seeking water suitable for the 

 manufacture of ice, made borings to the 

 depth of three hundred aud fifty-four feet. 

 There he struck 'water, which at once rose 

 to the surface and spouted up in a gushing 

 fountain. This source has since been util- 

 ized in numerous private wells of hotels and 

 manufacturing establishments and in the 

 public supply of the city. It lies in a stra- 

 tum of "water-bearing sand," nearly eight 

 hundred feet thick, which is reached after 

 boring through the one hundred and forty- 

 five feet of hard, impervious clay that forms 

 the " bed-rock " of the region, and furnishes 

 a permanent bottom to the Mississippi River. 

 Above this is a stratum of gravel twenty 

 feet thick, topped by the bluff formation 

 of loess that constitutes the surface of the 

 region and gives character to it. These 

 formations extend a considerable distance 

 to the eastward, and there outcrop one 

 after the other — the water-bearing sand, 

 which is sandwiched between the clay already 

 mentioned and another clay below it, being 

 represented by a tract twenty miles across 

 and of indefinite length, which may be seen 

 in Fayette and other counties along its line 

 down into Mississippi. This region, on 

 which is gathered the water that percolates 

 to the wells of Memphis, is, in its general 

 surface, about three hundred feet above high 

 water of the Mississippi. In May, 1S89, 

 there were fifty-seven bored wells in Mem- 

 phis, five of which only reached the water- 

 bearing sand, while the others went down to 

 depths of from three hundred and fifty to four 

 hundred feet and more. They are included 

 within an area three miles long and one 

 mile wide. The average depth of the thirty- 

 two wells through which the water-supply is 



