A STUDY OF CALMS. 



525 



Table showing Prevaxence during Calms of Phenomena studied. — One 

 Hundred Pee Cent. Equals the Normal or Expected Number. 



Schools; absences 314% Insanity (male) 67% 



Schools; deportment 50% Insanity (female) 34% 



Penitentiary ; deportment 80 % Suicide 62 % 



Assault and battery (male) 89% Death 104% 



Assault and battery (female) 45% Policemen off duty 105% 



Drunkenness (male) 78% Banks, Errors in 105% 



activities (or cessations of activity in the case of death) with a slight 

 increase in atmospheric movement. In the case of arrests for assault 

 and battery and for insanity (both males and females), and of mis- 

 deeds in the penitentiary, all of which had shown deficiencies for calms 

 — and some of them very large ones — excesses were shown for wind 

 m.ovements between 100 and 150 miles per day, while misdemeanors in 

 the schools were also above the normal before a movement of 200 miles 

 had been reached. On the other hand, policemen off duty and death, 

 both of which had been excessive in number during calms, took a sudden 

 drop as the wind arose, and showed deficiencies for the next wind 

 group (100-150 miles). Suicide, drunkenness and clerical errors 

 alone showed gradual changes with the wind. The appearance of the 

 curves as a whole is such as to lead me to place calms in a class by 

 themselves as far as wind influences are concerned. High winds seem 

 to have an influence peculiarly their own, gradually merging into that 

 peculiar to moderate and slight movements, but when the aerial stag- 

 nation of 100 miles per day or less is reached a sudden change takes 

 place, and certain human phenomena suddenly increase in numbers, 

 while others drop almost to a vanishing point. Which are the ones in 

 excess? Absence from school, absence from police duty, clerical errors 

 and death. But absence from school means sickness, absence from 

 duty the same, clerical errors the same in milder forms, and death the 

 same at its maximum. 



