ALPHEUS SPRING PACKARD. 45 



1861-62, he made discoveries of fossils in the Fish River Region which 

 determined the age of these rocks. About five years later, 1867, he 

 discovered the glacial stria? radiating from Mt. Washington. In 1867 

 he published a ' Revision of the Fossorial Hymenoptera of North 

 America ' and in 1882 the text-book ' First Lessons in Geology.' Many 

 other geological papers have come from his pen. 



His zoological articles, especially those on insects, far outnumbered 

 those upon other subjects. Professor Samuel Henshaw in ' The Ento- 

 mological writings of Alpheus Spring Packard ' enumerates three hun- 

 dred and thirty-nine papers, books and notes published up to 1887; 

 among them the ' Monograph of the Geometrid Moths ' 1876, the 

 text-books, ' A Guide to the Study of Insects ' 1869, which ran through 

 eight editions in the next fifteen years, ' Insects of the West ' 1877, 

 ' Our Common Insects ' 1876, ' Half Hours with Insects ' 1877. Many 

 important works upon insects have come from his pen since that date. 

 These include the well-known monograph on the Bombycine Moths, 

 1895, and the text -books ' Entomology for Beginners ' 1888, ' Forest 

 and Shade Tree Insects ' 1888, and the ' Text-Book of Entomology ' 

 1898. During the last year three insect articles were completed. One 

 of these, his last paper, is a large ' Monograph of the Bombycine Moths 

 of America, including their Transformations and Origin of the Larval 

 Markings and Armature ' which will appear as a Memoir of the 

 National Academy of Sciences. 



Professor Packard was known through many articles and books on 

 zoological subjects outside the field of entomology. ' The Develop- 

 ment and Anatomy of Limulus Polyphemus ' 1871, ' The Monograph 

 of North American Phyllopod Crustacea ' 1883, the ' Life History of 

 Animals, including Man, or Outlines of Comparative Embryology ' 

 1876, the ' Zoology for Students and General Readers ' 1879, ' The 

 Cave Fauna of North America ' 1888, are some of the books which 

 brought to naturalists and students new data or new arrangements and 

 treatment of subjects which were highly appreciated. To-day, amid 

 the profusion of newer text-books, it is not easy to accord to these older 

 works their full merit or to realize their true value. Regarding the 

 ' Life History of Animals,' Kingsley says it i was the first attempt 

 since the day of Agassiz's Lowell Institute Lectures to summarize the 

 facts of Embryology ' ; and of the ' Zoology ' he says, it ' was the first 

 attempt to give American students a truly scientific text-book in which 

 morphology and classification were given equal prominence.' 



Anthropological and ethnological investigations he followed with 

 keen interest, and contributed to these subjects several miscellaneous 

 notes and papers. 



Of his general books that on ' Lamarck, the Founder of Evolution, 

 His Life and Work,' 1901, is especially noteworthy. The work was 



