DISTRIBUTION OF TIME OF CORNELL STUDENTS. 549 



exceed women in time spent in laboratories; women exceed men in 

 time spent in lectures and outside study (with the reservation as 

 to Sunday study just noted). Even so, the men in the College of Arts 

 and Sciences, who give less time to university work than the men of 

 any other college, give more time than the women of the college. In 

 other words, the women at Cornell give the least time of any group 

 to university work. Those who fear lest women are overdoing in 

 their attempt to work with men in a coeducational institution may 

 find some comfort in these figures. 



With regard to the remaining items, we find that, whether we com- 

 pare the women in arts with the men in arts or the women with the 

 men in the university at large, women spend less time than men in 

 amusement, in physical exercise, in sleep and in self support, but 

 spend more time at meals and over an hour a day more in the miscel- 

 laneous activities recorded as unclassified. 



Our general result, then, is that women give less time than men to 

 university work, to amusement, to physical exercise, to sleep and to 

 self-support; they give more time to meals and unclassified pursuits. 



The Final Average. — In Table 5 will be found the final average- 

 day of all students taken collectively. For the purpose of discussing 

 the relative uniformity of the figures for the various items this average 

 is supplemented by two further groups of figures. The last two 

 columns indicate the extreme individual variations found in the entire 

 student body (reduced to a 24-hour basis). The second and third 

 columns express what we have ventured to term the ' mean group 

 variation.' This was computed by comparing the average of each of 

 the 39 groups comprised in the first series of tables with the final 

 average of the present table. Thus the averages for the four classes 

 in arts, the three classes in law, etc., vary from the final average by 

 a mean of three quarters of an hour in absolute time (second column), 

 which is equivalent approximately to a variation of 21 per cent, (third 

 column). 



Let us first consider the relation of the final average to the amounts 

 recommended by the authorities mentioned in our introduction, and 

 then take up the various items for further consideration in the light of 

 the variations and extremes. 



By a curious chance, the period of university work for the average 

 Cornell student is exactly nine hours, or precisely the time advocated 

 by President Eliot. Even if we add the time given to self-support 

 (0.39) the time given to work (in the wider use of the term) is not 

 materially modified. Only if all the unclassified time is assumed to 

 be of the general nature of work — an assumption entirely unwarranted 

 — can we obtain anything like the eleven hours advocated by President 

 Schurman. 



