NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 403 



moun, behind the village of Maabdeh, and opposite to Manfaloot. Three of 

 these,- Nos. 834, 836 and 1292, have the shelving occiput ; in the fourth, No. 

 833, the occiput is rounded. Among the Egyptian skulls grouped in the 

 Catalogue under the head of Miscellaneous, there is one (No. 822) which differs 

 considerably in its general form and characters from the skulls with which it 

 is associated. It was obtained by the late Mr. Gliddon from a tumulus at the 

 Island of Beggeh, the ancient Senem, a sacred spot close to Philas in Nubia. 

 Mr. Gliddon seems to have regarded this skull as that of " a pilgrim to the 

 Temple." The configuration of the crown is triangular, while the occiput is 

 almost vertically flattened. Of the four other heads in this group, Nos. 802 

 and 1240 possess the rounded form of occiput, while in Nos. 803 and 1317 the 

 hind-head is superiorly flattened. 



The dolicho-kephalic Hebrew skulls in the collection, exhibit an occiput 

 more or less regularly rounded, as is very well seen in Nos. 818, 842, 845, 

 865 and 870. In the oblong and somewhat angular head, No. 807, the basal 

 portion of the occiput is perceptibly flattened, and the occipital protuberance 

 somewhat more prominent than in the other skulls of this group. 



In the Arab skulls the occiput is broad and flattened. In No. 781 the occipi- 

 tal region is flattened superiorly, as in the Norwegian and Swedish crania, and 

 the occipital protuberance quite prominent. In No. 784 the head widens out 

 behind the mastoid processes, giving the occipital region a full and rounded 

 appearance. In No. 780 the occiput is flattened. 



The Fellah skulls have very prominent occiputs, the occipital protuberance 

 being more or less strongly marked. The Coptic skull exhibits great breadth 

 and fulness of the whole posterior region. 



The occiput of the cast of an Abyssinian skull in the collection (1361) is 

 quite prominent ; the hind-head shelves downwards and backwards somewhat 

 like that of the Swede. 



The occipital region of the Guanche cranium (23) is full and prominent. 

 The Hindoo skulls in the collection, also vary in the form of the occipital 

 region. Some of the Ayra, Brahminic or high caste heads of this group, such 

 as Nos. 1329, 1331 and 1335 exhibit the Swedish form of occiput ; others (Nos. 

 1330, 1384) the rounded shape. In four Thugs, the occipital configuration is 

 intermediate between these two forms. In No. 1332 the occiput is almost 

 vertically flattened. In 11 Bengalee crania, (Nos. 6, 25, 31, 81, 411, 413, 432, 

 443, 444', 948 and 1312) the occiput is flatly round. In 21 others (Nos. 4, 5, 

 8, 19, 20, 28, 32, 49, 51, 111, 410, 442, 547, 553, 554, 665, 1309, 1310, 1311, 

 1344 and 1554) posterior part of the head is superiorly flattened and inclined. 

 In No. 20 the whole os occipitis stands out very prominently, and is separated 

 from the ossaparietalia by numerous wormian bones. This feature is also seen, 

 to some extent, in Nos. 1309 and 1310. Such a form of the occiput is very well 

 exhibited in plate 20, fig. 1, of the Atlas to Vimont's Traiti de Phrenologie 

 Humaine et Comparee. In No. 29, a peculiar and asymmetrical skull, the 

 occipital bone appears as if pressed from behind and beneath forwards and 

 upwards. The hind-head of No. 1047 is almost vertically flattened. 



In certain crania from the Indian Peninsula, Dr. Williamson says that the 

 posterior part of the skull is large, and the occiput prominent ; the space for 

 the downward developement of the brain of moderate extent. Two Hindoos 

 and a Thug have the occiput prominent. In five crania from Ceylon, the 

 occiput is well rounded. 



There are thirteen Chinese skulls in the Academy's collection. Of these, 

 Nos. 94, 550, 669, 670, 1526, and 1527 exhibit the elongate, shelving form of 

 occiput, very well represented in the wood-cut on p. 47 of my Catalogue of 

 Human Crania. In Nos. 3, 56, 426, 427, and 1028, the occiput is rounded, 

 and in No. 1336 vertically flattened. The Chinese crania in the Chatham 

 Museum have the occiput rounded and not prominent. According to Blan- 

 chard, in the Chinese skulls figured in Dumoutier's Atlas, "la region occipi- 



1860.] 



