406 PROCEEDINGS OP THE ACADEMY OP 



occupy a position between the shelving occiput of the Swede and the verti- 

 cally flattened form. Nos. 1217 and 1218 exhibit the same form. No. 607 

 approximates the shelving, or superiorly flattened sbape. Tlie exact form oi 

 the hind-head cannot be determined in the Illinois crania in the Academy's 

 collection, for the whole of the os occipitis is wanting in No. 1010, and the 

 greater part in No. 1051. In the former, the occiput appears to have been 

 shelving ; in the latter, flatly round or globular. In two Iroquois skulls (Nos. 

 16 and 119), the occiput is elongated and shelving. In a third (No. 989), it 

 is almost globular. Of the Lenape, or Delaware Indian skulls, Nos. 40, 115. 

 118, and 1265, possess an elongated occiput, such as is seen in plate 32 ot 

 Crania Americana. In No. 418 the posterior region is rounded, and far less 

 prominent. In Nos. 1263, 1562, and 1563, the hind-head is broad and squarely 

 flattened. In No. 1264 the occipital protuberance is prominent and knob- 

 like. No. 998 is flatly round in the occipital region. In all the Mandan 

 and Minetari skulls, the form of the occipital region is very similar to that of 

 the Arickarees and Assinaboins. The form of the occiput varies among the 

 different specimens of the Menominee group. Nos. 35, 44, 78, 454, and 563. 

 exhibit the form seen in the Huron skull, figured in Crania Americana, plate 

 37. The other two (Nos. 1220 and and 1222), are more elongated behind. 

 No. 10-58 of the Miami group, has an occiput like the Huron cranium just 

 alluded to. In 1233 the hind-head is perpendicularly flattened. All the rest 

 of this series exhibit the elongated form. In the three Mohawk crania, the 

 occiput is superiorly flattened, and the occipital protuberance prominent. 

 Two Moqui skulls (138, 139), are brachykephalic, with very flat occiputs. 

 The Narragansett skulls in the collection differ from each other in the form oi 

 the occipital region. In No. 950 the hind-head is elongated. In No. 951 

 it is shelving, all that part of the occipital bone above the superior spinous 

 ridge being tumid. The posterior part of the head, in Nos. 952 and 954, 

 shelves or inclines from above downwards and backwards. In the latter skull 

 the occipital base is very protuberant. In No. 953 the occiput is full and 

 rounded, instead of being elongated, as in the others. This is true, also, of 

 Nos. 956 and 693. In the latter, the os occipitis is somewhat pressed forwards 

 under the parietalia. No. 1040 is a very peculiar, oblong head ; the shelving 

 and elongated occiput projects far behind the external auditory meati, and 

 the basis-occipitis is quite flat. Nos. 955 and 957 have pointed or acuminated 

 occiputs, which appear to be posthumously distorted. In No. 955 the left 

 side of the occipital bone is flattened ; in No. 957, the right. In the former 

 the left side, and in the latter the right, appears to have rested upon the 

 ground for a very long time, and to have been flattened by the weight of the 

 superincumbent bones of the head. This flatness gives an acuminated ap- 

 pearance to the occiput, the point being to one or other side of the median 

 line. Since the publication of Crania Americana, craniographers have been 

 familiar with the vertical flatness of the occiput in crania of the Natchez tribe. 

 This peculiar flatness is well shown in No. 1106. The shelving occipital form 

 is shown in all the Natick skulls. Of the Osage crania, No. 54 is a short, 

 angularly round head, with an occiput almost vertically flattened. In No. 

 660, a larger head, the tumid occiput gives a shelving form to the hind-head, 

 seen in profile. In the Ottoes the occiput is broad and flatly round, and ap- 

 proximates strongly, the globular form exhibited in the Lapps and Kalmucks." 

 The same form is exhibited in the round-headed Ottawa, No. 1007. In the 

 other two Ottawa skulls, the hind-head is shelving. In the round-headed 

 Ottigamies, the occiput is globular. In No. 415 of this group, this globular 

 shape is destroyed by the tumid occiput. The two Pawnee skulls contrast 

 strongly with each other in the shape of the occiput, which in No. 540 is flatly 

 round, and in No. 1043 is excessively elongated and shelving. In two 

 Penobscot skulls the occiput is rounded. Of the Potawatomie crania, No. 

 657, as shown in plate 34 of Crania Americana, has an angularly round 



[Sept. 



