NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 407 



occiput. In No. 736, a short, triangular skull ; the occiput is flat. In the 

 broadly oval cranium (No. 737), the hind-head is rounded. In No. 1352 the 

 hind-head approximates the shelving type. The two Sauk skulls are unlike 

 each other in the shape of the occiput. No. 561 has a broad, though pro- 

 tuberant hind-head. In No. 1246 the occipital region is rounded. The Semi- 

 nole Indians are represented in the Academy's collection by sixteen skulls. 

 No. 456 (figured in Crania Americana, pi. 241, is a round head, with a full 

 and somewhat angularly rounded occiput. In No. 604 the knob-like pro- 

 tuberance of the occipital bone destroys the rounded form of the hind-head, 

 and gives the latter a different shape, as will be seen by comparing the first 

 cut on page 166 of Crania Americana, with plate 24 of that work. In No. 

 698 the hind-head is elongated and shelving. In No. 707 it approximates in 

 its lower part the globular form, and is in striking contrast with No. 456, as 

 may be seen by comparing together plates 23 and 24 of Crania Americana. 

 In No. 708 it is more elongated and less broad, and in No. 754 rather flatly 

 rounded. No. 726 is a short head, with a full, broad, but somewhat shelving 

 occiput. No. 727 possesses a narrow and prominent occiput, which is wider 

 between the parietal bosses than at the base. In No. 728 the occiput is fuller 

 and more rounded. In No. 729 the hind head is rather narrow below, and 

 protuberant. In No. 730 the occiput is broader at the base than above, and 

 quite pointed. In Nos. 732, 733, 753,* and 1286, the occiput is protuberant 

 and shelving above. A Shawnee skull, "No. 606, has a very narrow, pro- 

 tuberant, and symmetrical occiput ; the left, basal part of the occipital bone 

 being flattened, perhaps posthumously. In No. 691 the occiput is flattened 

 vertically on the right side. In No. 1210, a narrow, and highly arched skull, 

 the hind head is narrow, and the upper part of the occipital bone prominent. 

 The Shoshone skulls in the collection are not alike in the form of the occiput. 

 No. 1446 exhibits a broad and somewhat flatly rounded hind-head, appearing 

 as if pressed under the parietal bosses ; the upper and posterior part of the 

 head, just between the parietal protuberances, being broad and very elevated. 

 In No. 1447 the occiput is protuberant and shelving. In No. 1448 the occiput 

 is broad at the base, and flattened, though not vertically. No. 1449 possesses a 

 rounded and not very prominent occiput. Two Upsarooka skulls, (Nos. 

 1228 and 1229), have the hind-head shelving, and the occipital base very 

 prominent. In the Winnebago cranium (No. 559), the occiput is broad and 

 globular. In No. 560 it is less broad and more projecting. In the Yamasse 

 skulls (Nos. 1214 and 1215), the occiput is narrow and rounded. In No. 

 1216 it is broad and rounded, almost to globularity. There are four skulls of 

 California Indians in the collection, f No. 1514 exhibits what may be called 

 a pyramidal occiput. The occipital bone above the superior spinous ridge is 

 very prominent, and constitutes a common centre, towards which the parietals 

 slant from above downwards and backwards, and also at the sides, and the basal 

 portion of the occipital bone upwards and backwards, somewhat after the 

 fashion seen in some of the elongated Peruvian heads. No. 1027, a female 

 cranium from Mare Island, California, is a long, narrow head, with a narrow 

 and oval occiput. No. 943, also from Mare Island, exhibits a shelving occiput. 

 Of the crania marked "miscellaneous" in the Catalogue, No. 416, from a 

 mound on the Upper Mississippi, possesses a narrow and prominent occiput. 

 This skull is represented in plate 52 of Crania Americana in such a position 

 that, at first sight, the occiput appears full and rounded. But if the observer 

 will place his hand, over the lower jaw, so as to hide it, and then hold the 

 lithograph in such a manner that the base of the skull shall be parallel with 



* The last skull of the Seminole group should be numbered in the Catalogue, 753, in- 

 stead of 1556. 



t Two of these are enumerated in the published Catalogue. The other two have been 

 added to the collection by my friend, Dr. Thos. J. Turner, of the United States Navy, 

 since the Catalogue was printed. 



I860.] 



