330 ANNOTATED LIST OF PERSONS 



and surgery. Edited from 1874 a journal for the diffusion of his 

 ideas called "Medecine des ferments." 

 Delafond, Onesime (1805-1861). French veterinarian. Professor in 

 tlio school at Alfort. Member of the Academy of Medicine. Dela- 

 fond was appointed to study anthrax in sheep in 1841. His "Traite 

 sur les maladies du sang des betes a laine" was published in Paris 

 in 1845. His second book "Traite sur [la maladie du sang des 

 betes bovines" appeared in 1848. Delafond's anthrax paper of 

 1860 referred to in the text, is in "Recueil de Med. Veter.," 1860, 

 p. 735. 



Delafosse, Gabriel (1796-1878). French mineralogist and crystallog- 

 rapher. Pupil of Hatiy. Pasteur's teacher in the Normal School. 

 Member of the Academy of Sciences. 

 "Un homme qui avait le don de I'enseignement." (Pasteur.) 



Descartes, Rene or Renatus Cartesius (1596-1650). Distinguished 

 French geometer, physicist and philosopher. Created analytic 

 geometry. Destroyed scholasticism and founded modern psy- 

 chology. Author of the "Cartesian" system. Cogito, ergo sum was 

 his foundation stone. From this he derived two other fundamental 

 ideas, the existence of God and the reality of an external world. 

 According to his "corpuscular philosophy," all phenomena of 

 matter depend on the movement of ultimate particles. Beginning 

 with 1629 he lived 20 years in retirement outside of France working 

 on his system. Died in Stockholm. For portraits see Garrison, p. 

 247, Abry, p. 130 and Pop. Sci. Monthly, Oct., 1890. 



Desmazieres, Jean Baptiste Henri Joseph (1786-1862). French botanist 

 and microscopist, especially noted for his "Plantes cryptogames de 

 France" (182.5-1859). Desmazieres acquired a fortune in business, 

 which he used for the study of science. For portrait see "Bull, 

 de la Soc. Mycologique de France." Tome XX. Paris, 1904. 



Dessaignes, Victor (1800-1885). French chemist in Vendome. Cor- 

 responding member of the Academy of Sciences in chemistry. 



Deville (See Sainte-Claire-Deville). 



Dobereiner, Johann Wolfgang (1780-1849). German chemist. Pro- 

 fessor in Jena. Friend of Goethe. 



Dreyfus, Alfred (1859 ). French Captain of Artillery. A Jew. 



Fal.sely accused by military men and anti-Semites of selling or 

 giving military secrets to Germany. Arrested (1894), condemned, 

 degraded (1895), and sent for life to Devil's Island in the Atlantic 

 near French Guiana. The effort on the part of the French liberals 

 to free him and convict the really guilty parties, who were other 

 military officers (Major Esterhazy and Colonel Henry), nearly 

 disrupted the French Government, but was finally successful, and 

 Col. Henry committed suicide. Zola defended Dreyfus in "L'affaire 



