THE EARTHQUAKE EI FT OF 1906 301 



roads, trees and fences was the same in kind. The rift passed through 

 the corral, and one of the astonished cows dropped into it, soon falling 

 deeply till only rump and tail were visible. The hysterical dogs barked 

 at her, the water came into the rift, and the dairymen, doubtless with 

 a sense of the impotence to struggle against fate, buried her in the 

 grave from which they could not rescue her. 



Crossing the valley the rift split a small hill, throwing down four 

 large spruce trees, all of which fell at right angles to the crack. A 

 very large oak tree standing on level ground was shoved violently, still 

 standing, sixteen and one half feet to the southward into the base of 

 the riven hill, or perhaps the western half of the hill was shoved vio- 

 lently about the tree. Dr. G. K. Gilbert seems to think it probable 

 that both sides partook in the motion. 



On through the valley of Olema went the rift, past more dairies, 

 but leaving their buildings altogether to the east. Crossing the road 

 above Bolinas, the two sides of the highway are rudely separated. 

 Reaching Bolinas Bay, the rift is visible in the mud at low tide, and 

 good authority reports the sea-bottom to the westward, along Duxbury 

 Beef, to be raised two or three feet. The gatherers of abalone shells 

 venture out into regions of sea-bottom formerly inaccessible at the 

 lowest tides. On the east side of Bolinas Bay the clams are hopelessly 

 buried. At Bolinas the pretty Flagstaff Inn was thrown into the sea 

 and completely wrecked. The crack again enters the sea, passing 

 across the entrance to the Golden Gate five or six miles west of the 

 center of San Francisco, and giving to that breezy and joyous town a 

 jolt which will live in history, but from which the fine-spirited people 

 will recover long before the world at large will clearly understand 

 what their experiences have really been. The rift reached the shore 

 again at Mussel Bock to the southwest of San Francisco. Here the 

 cliff was hurled down, a gradual incline was made a steep one and four 

 thousand feet of newly graded railroad was thrown into the sea. It 

 passed up the narrow valley of San Andreas, not harming the reservoir, 

 but wrecking all the water mains entering San Francisco from the great 

 reservoirs, Crystal Springs, San Andreas and Pilarcitos. The dam of 

 the Crystal Springs reservoir, across the fault line, was so well built 

 that the visible crack passed around it along the bank by its side, re- 

 turning afterwards to its former direction. The bleak and boulder- 

 strewn saddle called Canada del Raymundo, scarred by previous earth- 

 quakes, was then passed, and beyond it the narrow, fertile valley, 

 Portola, named for the first governor of California, the discoverer of 

 San Francisco Bay. The crack runs along the base of the Sierra 

 Morena, four to five miles west of Stanford University, to the head 

 of Portola reservoir; then ascends in a canon to a saddle on the 

 summit, connecting two parallel ranges, Monte Bello to the east and 



