5o6 THE POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



the population and 0.1 to the scientific men. These differences are not, 

 however, necessarily due to any racial superiority of the British and 

 Germans. Men have been called from these countries to scientific 

 positions here or have come to seek them, and in general a larger pro- 

 portion of their immigrants have been from the educated classes. In 

 my own science men so distinguished as Professor Miinsterberg from 

 Germany and Professor Titchener from England have accepted chairs 

 of psychology in our universities. It is most unfortunate for us that 

 this movement appears to have ceased. Between 1903 and 1910 only 

 one scientific man of high distinction was called to this country, whereas 

 nine leading scientific men returned to their native countries. 



"We could and should see to it that the foreigners coming to the 

 United States contribute their share of men of performance. From the 

 point of view of national selfishness nothing could be more profitable 

 than to add to the community as many foreign men of distinction as 

 would come for five or ten thousand dollars a year, and as many young 

 men of promise as would come for one or two thousand dollars a year. 

 Such men are already selected and their education is paid for. We have 

 paid for the education of some 150,000 physicians to obtain at most 

 1,000 who are competent to advance medical science. The services of 

 this thousand are probably worth as much as those of all the others 

 combined, so if we divide equally the cost of bringing up and educating 

 these physicians, the cost of a man competent to advance science is per- 

 haps $500,000 and his value is far greater. Such men we can obtain from 

 abroad free of cost beyond the payment for their living, which must be 

 paid equally to those who are educated and selected at our own expense. 

 Not only the men themselves, but their descendants also are assets to the 

 country of incalculable value. From the point of view of the world at 

 large, it is probably an advantage to bring men of distinction and of 

 promise to this country, as this tends to promote friendly international 

 relations and good-will, and because, the wealth being greater here and 

 the competition less, we should be able to give better opportunity to the 

 men. The war has placed on us great responsibility ; we should provide 

 for those debarred from advancing science, scholarship and art at home. 

 If Great Britain can afford to cast ten billion dollars into the abyss, we 

 are able to invest an equal sum to advance the arts of civilization. 



While it is comparatively easy to determine the nationality of 

 scientific men and of their parents, it is almost impossible to determine 

 their race. Indeed, a consideration of the subject leads to a realization 

 of the complexity of the racial descent of the peoples forming the 

 nations of western Europe and America. There are 13.5 families stated 

 to be Jews. Of 71.5 German families, 8 are Jews; of 6 Eussian 

 families, 5 are Jews; among 660.5 native American families, there is 

 only one Jewish parent. There may be some unrecorded cases; the 



