312 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 



antennae. In N. pallipes, Thomson describes the antenn ae in the male 

 as " corporis fere longitucline;" while, according to Hartig, in the 

 same sex in carmatus, they are scarcely longer than the abdomen. 

 Saxesen also records that the larva of carmatus feeds on pine; 

 while pallipes I have taken 3000 feet up on the mountains, far 

 away from any pines. 



Nematus lativentris, Thoms. 

 A male insect, taken by Dr White, at Braemar, may, I think, 

 be identified with this species; but determinations from males 

 alone, are very unsatisfactory in Nematus. The species comes very 

 near to pallipes. 



Nematus crassus, Fallen. 

 The synonomy of this large species is not quite clear to me. 

 Hartig describes two species, viz. : iV. sulcipes and N. ccereulocarpus, 

 either of which, if not both, must be identical with the iY. crassus, 

 Fallen. Thomson describes crassus, giving sulcipes as a synonym 

 of it, hut cQireulocarpus he does not mention at all. He, however, 

 characterises a new species, which he calls hrachyacanthas, with 

 which, according to him, N. propinquus, Dbm., is identical ; but 

 he gives no reason for not adopting this long prior name, which 

 would certainly be more natural to do than to coin a new one. 



Both species (if they be really species) may be added to our 



lists. Crassus I have taken in the Highlands, on aspens, and of 



bleach y acanthus I have received English specimens from the Rev. 



T. A. Marshall of Lastinghara, and Mr J. E. Fletcher of Worcester. 



It is this latter form which Dr van Vollenhoven describes as 



coereulocarpus, and I think, also, that Mr Fletcher has bred it from 



poplar ; and it is thus seen that both are attached to the same 



food plant. Whether Hartig's ccereulocarpus be identical or not 



with hr achy acanthus cannot now be decided, as he does not mention 



those characters upon which Thomson founds his species. Crassus, 



Thorns., is slightly larger than it, and may be easily known by 



having the posterior calcaria bLack, instead of red, as in the other 



species. Whether the small differences between them are sufficient 



to warrant their specific separation, is a point about which I am in 



some doubt, and it cannot be definitely settled until both forms 



have had their earlier stages thoroughly elucidated. N. vicinus, 



Lep., is either a synonym of crassus or brachyacanthus. 



I have seen an example of what, no doubt, pertains to the latter 



