ANTHROPOLOGICAL WORK IN EUROPE. 6 9 



third agency of this work at the buildings of the School of Medi- 

 cine. During his lifetime, under the directorship of Broca him- 

 self, and since then usually under Dr. Paul Topinard, they are 

 very largely the work of these two men. The laboratory con- 

 tains a full series of all instruments that have been made for 

 anthropological investigation, and the material in the mu- 

 seum practically illustrates the whole history of such work in 

 France. 



The Professors de Mortillet are father and son, and they have 

 been connected with all the work on prehistorics that France has 

 done. Gabriel de Mortillet has brought order out of chaos, sys- 

 tem out of confusion, by his terminology of prehistoric chro- 

 nology. His system is accepted very widely throughout western 

 Europe. It is somewhat the fashion in America to decry it, but 

 we believe that the nomenclature will become more and more 

 fixed. It will not probably fit our American conditions, but for 

 France and its neighbors it apparently expresses facts. G. de 

 Mortillet's little book, Le Prdhistorique, is a model of compact 

 statement and sound criticism. The larger work, the Musde Pre"- 

 historique, is the result of joint labor of father and son, and is 

 based upon the unrivaled collections from drift gravels and 

 caverns of France, which they have so beautifully arranged at 

 the museum at St. Germain. Prof. Adrien de Mortillet is a skill- 

 ful artist, and his lectures are always illustrated with rapidly 

 drawn crayon sketches. 



A sketch of French work that omitted Dr. Paul Topinard 

 would be very faulty. An old pupil and friend of Broca, he 

 has done much to carry out his master's work. No one, save 

 Broca, has done more to direct French work in anthropology. In 

 many ways his influence has been felt as teacher in the school, 

 as Director of the Broca Laboratory, as editor of the Revue 

 d'Anthropologie in the past, and of L'Anthropologie at present. 

 Some years ago his little book, L'Anthropologie, an introduc- 

 tion to physical anthropology, caused a real sensation and gained 

 deserved recognition. Later, a much larger work, Elements 

 d'Anthropologie Generale, appeared, a most valuable manual for 

 the laboratory and for students. Within a few months he has 

 brought out a new book upon the relation of man to the animal 

 world. 



In England there is considerable work in progress, though not 

 so much as we might expect when we remember that it was there 

 that Lubbock's works and the famous books of Tylor, Spencer, 

 and Maine appeared. The British Museum has some rich collec- 

 tions in ethnography and prehistoric archaeology. The depart- 

 ment is in charge of Mr. A. W. Franks and Mr. Charles Reade. 

 The best cataloguing in Europe is done here. Every specimen is 



