LITERARY NOTICES. 



425 



have been collected and edited by Mr. John 

 Vance Cheney, and are published, with much 

 supplementary matter in the appendix, as 

 Wood Notes Wild, by Lee & Shepard, Boston. 

 The author warmly controverts the assertion 

 of a modern English writer that there is no 

 music in Nature, and in contradiction of it 

 presents a transcript of the song of water 

 dropping into a bucket, and the melody of a 

 whirling clothes-rack. Following these, he 

 gives his observations and transcriptions of 

 the notes some of them forming various 

 melodies of forty-one birds, beginning with 

 the bluebird and robin, and closing with owls 

 and the hen all of which, he avers, contain 

 the essential elements of true music. In the 

 appendix, the editor presents all that he has 

 been able to find, by citation or reference, 

 tbat has been said by other authors on the 

 music of birds, and has combined much valu- 

 able information on the subject. 



The Financial History of Massachusetts, 

 from the Organization of the Massachusetts 

 Bay Company to the American Revolution, is 

 a volume of the Columbia College Series of 

 Studies in History, Economics, and Law, by 

 Charles A. Douglas. It is presented as a 

 necessary antecedent to an intelligent inves- 

 tigation of the financial phenomena of the 

 later period of the history of the State, 

 which are regarded as far more complex, 

 as well as fuller of interest, than those 

 embraced within the scope of the present 

 essay. In his treatment the author has given 

 space to the exposition of administrative 

 features, rather than to numerical state- 

 ments very properly, we think, in view of 

 the close relation of such features to funda- 

 mental principles, and of the fragmentary 

 and unsystematic character of the financial 

 records. We are sorry to observe the author 

 apologizing for involved style in some parts 

 of his work. With a language so capable of 

 giving clear and simple expression to every 

 thought as the English, we can recognize no 

 sufficient excuse in a careful work for the 

 want of it. 



Opposite views of the money question are 

 taken in two pamphlets that are before us 

 Two Essays in Economics, by John Borden 

 (S. A. Maxwell & Co., Chicago), and a lecture 

 by Alfred B. Westrup on Citizens' Money 

 (The Mutual Bank Propaganda, Chicago). 

 Mr. Borden's essays are on Wealth and 



American Money, and are well-reasoned and 

 well-tempered presentations of the sound 

 financial view that the circulation must have 

 a basis of real value. Wealth is defined, its 

 different kinds are distinguished, false defi- 

 nitions of it are exposed, and it is considered 

 with reference to its sum and its owners. In 

 American Money are discussed the standard, 

 tokens, the medium of exchange, the volume 

 of the currency, money as a store of wealth, 

 and paper money. In his lecture on Citizens' 

 Money, Mr. Westrup insists that sufficient 

 volume and facilities must be provided to en- 

 able all wealth to be represented by money ; 

 that this representative should be loaned at 

 cost ; that absolute security must be given to 

 the holder of paper money; and that the 

 present system of control and restriction of 

 the currency by Government is wrong. 



PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED. 



Abbott, Lyman. The Evolution of Christian- 

 ity. Boston : Houghton, Mifflin & Co. Pp. 358. 

 $1.25. 



American Society of Naturalists. Report on 

 Science Teaching in the Schools. Boston : Rock- 

 well & Churchill. Pp. 14. 



Arizona, University of, Tucson. Bulletin of 

 School of Mines, No. 2. Pp. 10. 



Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Publica- 

 tions. Vol. Ill, No. 15. Pp. 72. 



Baker, Charles. Patti Waltz. Tyrolienne. 

 New York : Baker & Helmick. Pp. 3. 40 cents. 



Beardmore, W. Lee. The Drainage of Habi- 

 table Buildings. New York : Macmillan & Co. 

 Pp. 89. $1.50. 



Benedict, W. R., Cincinnati. Psychological 

 Table. Chart. 



Bernard, Henry Mayness. Tire Apodidaj : A 

 Morphological Study. New York : Macmillan &, 

 Co. Pp.316. $2. 



Booth, Charles. Pauperism and the Endow- 

 ment of Old Age. New York : Macmillan & Co. 

 Pp. 355. $1.25. 



Boston Public Schools. Report for 1891. Pp. 

 74. 



Brinton, D. G. Anthropology as a Science and 

 as a Branch of University Education. Studies in 

 South American Native Languages. Philadel- 

 phia : McCalla & Co. Pp. 88. 



Carlyle, Thomas, The Last Words of. New 

 York : D. Appleton & Co. Pp. 383. $1.75. 



Cathcart, George R. Cathcart's Literary Read- 

 er. New York : American Book Co. Pp. 541. 

 $1.15. 



Chicago Manual Training School. Catalogue, 

 1891-'92. Pp. 32. 



Churchill, Lord Randolph S. Men, Mines, 

 and Animals in South Africa. New York : D. Ap- 

 pleton & Co. Pp. 937, with Map. $5. 



Conn, Dr. H. W., Middletown, Conn. Some 

 Uses of Bacteria. Pp. 28. 



Cowperthwait, J. Howard. Money, Silver, 

 and Finance. New York : G. P. Putnam's Sons. 

 Pp. 242. $1.25. 



Cushing, Frank H. A Zufli Folk-tale of the 

 Underworld. Pp. 18. 



Dawson, G. M. Notes on the Shuswap People 

 of British Columbia. Pp. 44, with Plate. 



