788 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



gives way to the necessity for actual colonists, who with their 

 families are to live, labor, and propagate in the new lands. 



Summarizing the views of authorities upon this subject, the 

 almost universal opinion seems to be that true colonization in the 

 tropics by the white race is impossible.* The only writers who 

 express themselves favorably are Crawford,f whose hopes for 

 India have certainly not been fulfilled ; Armand J and Rattray,* 

 Dr. Livingstone and Bishop Hannington, || and the physicians 

 assembled at the Medical Congress at Berlin in 1890,"^ with the 

 Society for the Advancement of Medical Science in the Dutch 

 Indian Settlements.^ All these authorities may now be classed 

 as antiquated, except the last, and moreover the first one repre- 

 sents that nation which is notoriously unsuccessful in acclima- 

 tization. The opinion of the Dutch physicians who have been 

 fairly successful ma,y be met by as good testimony from their own 

 number on the opposite side. 



Authorities in favor of the view that complete acclimatization 

 of Europeans in the tropics is impossible might be multiplied 

 indefinitely. Among the earlier writers of this opinion are Knox, % 

 Prichard,i Dr. Hunt,| and Sir Ranald Martin.** The best Ger- 

 man authority concedes it, including "Virchow, Fritsche, Joest, 

 Fischer, f f with Buchner W and Hirsch.** The French, who have 

 studied it more scientifically than any other nation, hold to this 

 opinion with no exception. |||| Jousset declares that recruiting 

 stations never effect a permanent recovery, the only remedy being 

 to leave the tropics altogether.'^'^ This opinion is also shared by 

 many of the Dutch, who dissent from the favorable views of 



* The most definite as well as the latest expression of expert opinion fully agrees with 

 this. Vide Proceedings of the International Geographical Congress at London, 1895. 



f Transactions of the Ethnological Society, London, new series, i, p. 89. 



\ Traite de Climatologie, Paris, 1873. * Jousset, p. 426. 



\ Scottish Geographical Magazine, vii, 647. 



^ Proceedings of the Royal Geographical Society, January, 1891, p. 80. 



^ Referred to in the Proceedings of the Seventh Liternational Congress of Demography 

 and Hygiene, London, xi, p. 170. 



% Quatrefages, p. 229. % Jousset, p. 426. 



J Loc. cit., p. 135; other opinions of early writers are here given as well. 



** Encyclopedia Britannica, Acclimatization. 



f f Scottish Geographical Magazine, vii, p. 647, and Verhandlungen der Berliner Gesell- 

 schaft fiir Anthropologic, 1885, pp. 210, 257, 474. Prof. Virchow distinguishes between 

 malaria and climate, which is generally a distinction without a difference in the tropica. 



:}::}: Correspondenzblatt, xviii, p. 17. 



** Verhandlungen, 1886, p. 164. 



Ill Dr. Rey, op. cit.; Boudin, Bulletin de la Societe d' Anthropologic, 1864, pp. 780 and 

 828; Legoyt, Jousset, p. 426; Bertillon, Bulletin de la Soci6te d' Anthropologic, 1864, pp. 

 519 and 578 ; Bordier, Colonization scientifique, pp. 184, 397, 472 ; and Revue d'Anthropo- 

 logie, third series, i, pp. 667, 672. 



-^ Jousset, p. 434. 



