538 



POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



one whicli seems to us " grown-ups " most self-assertive and most 

 resentful of indignity, viz., the nose. These moon-faces with two 

 eyes and a mouth are very common among the first drawings of 

 children. The mouth, on the other hand, is much less frequently 

 omitted. The same thing seems to hold good of the drawings of 

 savages.* The eyes are rarely omitted. The single dot may per- 

 haps be said to stand for " eye." Some drawings of savages have 

 the two eyes and no other feature, as in the accompanying 

 example from Andree (Fig. 4, a). On the other hand, a child 



J /(It /^ 



Fig. 4. c, Mustache = Ijorizoutal line above curve of cap. 



will, as we have seen, sometimes content himself with one eye. 

 This holds good not only where the dot is used but after some- 

 thing like an eye-circle is introduced, as in the accompanying 

 drawing by a Jamaica girl of seven (Fig. 4, h). 



In these first attempts to sketch out a face we miss a sense of 

 relative jjosition and of proportion. It is astonishing what a 

 child on first attempting to draw a human or animal form can 

 do in the way of dislocation or putting things into the wrong 

 place. The little girl mentioned by E. Cooke on trying, about 

 the same age, to draw a cat from a model ; actually put the circle 

 representing the eye outside that of the head. With this may 

 be compared the drawings of den Steinen and other Europeans 

 made by his Brazil Indian companions, in which what was dis- 

 tinctly said by the draughtsman to be the mustache was in more 

 than one instance set above the eyes (Fig. 4, c). When dots 

 are inserted in the linear scheme they are apt at first to be 

 thrown in anyhow. The two eyes, I find, when these only are 



* According to Stanley Hall, the nose comes after the mouth. This may be an approxi- 

 mate generalization, but there are evidently exceptions to it. On the practice of savage 

 draughtsmen see the illustrations of Australian cave drawings in Andree, op. cit., p. 159. 

 Cf. the drawings of Brazilian tribes, plate iii, 15. In some cases there seems a preference 

 for the nose, certain of the Brazilian drawings representing facial features merely by a 

 vertical stroke. 



