22o FOPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. 



flower but no seeds. Crossing the small hardy white ealla with a yellow 

 one which is not hardy, develops, with selection, a hardy yellow calla. 



A crinum from Florida is hardy but not handsome. Crossing this 

 with a handsome crinum from Mexico, the plants were selected for those 

 which should be both hardy and handsome. The desired qualities of 

 the two species have been combined and other valuable new qualities 

 incidentally developed as regeneration and selection proceeded. 



In hybridizing callas, the yellow ones with the white, to form a 

 hardy yellow race, some of the resultant plants have pale flowers, some 

 light yellow, and those chosen are made deep yellow by selection from 

 second and later generations. Both parent plants in this case have 

 leaves blotched with white, and this is found in all the descendants. 



Hybridizing the wild flower, Erysimum arkansanum, which is 

 yellow, with a native wild white species, resulted in the first generation 

 a perfect blend of yellow and white; with a second generation the 

 species separate completely, about five per cent, of those examined 

 being yellow, the other ninety-five per cent, white; white dominant. 

 With a hybrid Thalictrum, seed pods are developed more abundantly 

 tban with either parent, but the seeds are not viable. 



We may expect variations in form, size, color, quality, fragrance, 

 vigor or any other characteristic. To get variation in any one direction 

 is to open the door to anything else. Hybridizing the Japanese quince 

 with the common quince, we have large-leaved seedlings which look 

 quite different from the parent (common quince). The final result is 

 a seedling looking like the Japanese quince, without the power of con- 

 tinued growth (too wide a cross to blend permanently or profitably). 



Some of the black raspberries when hybridized with some of the 

 blackberries usually die when the time comes to bear fruit. Many 

 hybrids perish under the stress of reproduction. The Amaryllis vittata 

 is now eight to eleven inches across, being nearly four times as broad 

 as before the work of selection for size was begun, and with vigor and 

 freedom of growth and bloom amazingly increased. On a strip of poor 

 land it grows very small, with narrow leaves and slender flowers, but on 

 the same poor land some of the hybrid variants grow very large and 

 j>ay no attention to the soil. A variant of Ampelopsis quinqiiefolia 

 has very large leaves, highly colored in the fall, but no fruit. Mimulus 

 tigrinus of Europe has very many variations. Its flowers are yellow, 

 with patches of orange and other colors. When crossed with some oij 

 our native species, the seedlings are greatly improved in all respects, 

 even in blooming, yet rarely produce seeds. 



It is generally much easier to develop variations in seedlings from 

 variegated flowers than from those of solid color (the variegation shows 

 a lack of complete amalgamation). A double mimulus is formed of 

 the hose-en-hose sort. One hybrid poppy produces an abortive flower 



