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POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY 



Walter Hou<m, 



Assistant Curator, Division of Ethnology, U. S. National Museum, Vice-President for 



Anthropology. 



its results belong not to the few, but 

 to the many, apply not in the domain 

 of industry and our material civiliza- 

 tion alone, but over the whole range of 

 life's activities, are not for individual 

 advantage chiefly, but for the public 

 good. When society in general and 

 governments in particular appreciate 

 the true source and guardian of their 

 highest welfare, then many tilings now 

 desired, and many more no less need- 

 ful, will be possible of attainment. It 

 does not follow that because nations 

 have for the most part stumbled along 

 through a process of trial and 

 error without planning their trials 

 or measuring the significance of their 

 errors, that they will always entail 

 such waste in a needlessly blind pursuit 



of progress. The world proceeds by 

 gradual evolution, yet, as we have often 

 insisted and again repeat, this time in 

 the words of Mr. John Morley, ' evolu- 

 tion is not a force, but a process; not 

 a cause, but a law.' Ideas may be 

 forces, purposes may be causes, and in- 

 telligent cooperation and organized 

 effort may minister to the economy of 

 social progress as they have to the 

 promotion of success in the whole world 

 of private business. The like principle 

 holds for the internal organization of 

 scientific men and scientific bodies 

 themselves. There must be a solidar- 

 ity of sympathy and aims among scien- 

 tific workers if total efficiency, and not 

 merely partial efficiency here and there, 

 is their aim. When the forces of 



