1909.] NATURAL SCIENCES OF PHILADELPHIA. 403 



than second; toes moderate, webbed at base; no subarticular tubercles; 

 two metatarsal tubercles, the inner strong and shovel-like, the outer 

 weak. Hind limb short. Skin smooth, the dorsal surface with scat- 

 tered minute pits. Color dark brown-olive above; beneath dusky, 

 marbled with brown. A subgular vocal sac is present. 



A re-examination of the type has not rendered it necessary to make 

 any very radical change in the diagnosis as it was originally published. 

 A careful examination shows, however, that there is a very small bit 

 of intercalated cartilage at the symphysis of the coracoids. 



There remains, however, a considerable number of differences from 

 Kaloula, which seem well worth pointing out. In the first place, the 

 presence of valves in the choanae serves to distinguish the interior of 

 the mouth at once from that in Kaloula and suggests a possible rela- 

 tionship with Cacopus. In this genus, however, though valves are 

 present in the internal nares, nevertheless the great size of the openings 

 and the characteristic reduction of the palatal projections to two 

 small bony points serve to distinguish this Indian genus at once from 

 ours. The diagrams of the three sterna show that in shape the sternum 

 of Cacopoides is more or less intermediate in form between those of the 

 other two genera. As regards the shape of the terminal phalanges it 

 will be seen that here again the form is intermediate between those of 

 K. verrucosa and Cacopus globulosus. For the sake of comparison, 

 drawings have been made to show the phalanges in Kaloula pulchra 

 and K . baleata. These call attention to the extreme variation which may 

 take place in the shape of these bones within a single genus. In the 

 first specimen which Boulenger received, and in many of the subsequent 

 specimens, the verrucose condition of the skin of the dorsum led to 

 his giving the name he did to the Yunnan species. In the type of 

 Cacopoides, however, the skin presents a finely pitted appearance, in 

 sharp distinction to the common condition in the species previously 

 mentioned. The reduction of size of the hind limb, the relatively 

 large size of the mouth opening, the difference in coloring which is 

 readily seen from a glance at the drawings, as well as the shape and 

 size of the sacrum and urostyle, serve at once to show the complete 

 distinction of the new genus. The type of Cacopoides borealis in actual 

 size is somewhat larger than the largest of the three specimens of 

 Kaloula verrucosa. Yet the urostyle is shorter and the sacrum nar- 

 rower and rather more dilated than in the other species. 



The discovery of this toad in Manchuria is as remarkable as unex- 

 pected when we think of the distribution of the Engystomatidae in 

 eastern Asia. The probability that, owing to the habits of these 



