TABLE OF CONTENTS. xiii 



Gauge to Register 54,000 Pounds, 437 ; an Automatic Relief-valve for Steam 

 Fire-engines, 438 ; Stationary Hydraulic Engine for Railways, 439. Rail- 

 roads : Railway Signals and Blocks, 440 ; a New Plan of Elevated Railroad, 

 442 ; a New Rail for Street Railways, 443 ; Iron Sleepers, 444 ; Single-rail 

 Steam Towage on Canals, 445. Balloons: Scientific Ballooning, 449; Re- 

 cent Progress of Aeronautics, 450 ; Aeronautics in the Arctic Regions, 452 ; 

 the Parakite, 453. Explosives and Projectiles : Fluid-compressed Steel 

 and Guns, 453 ; Range-finder for Artillery Practice, 454 ; Sharp Artillery 

 Practice, 455 ; Rotation of Rifled Projectiles, 456 ; Silicate Cotton, 457 ; 

 Lignose, a New Explosive, 457 ; Influence of Heat on the Explosiveness of 

 Nitro-glycerine, 458 : Experiments with Prismatic Gunpowder, 458 ; Re- 

 searches on Explosives, 459 ; Influence of Wind on Projectiles, 472. 

 (d.) MISCELLANEOUS. 



Electro-capillary Motor, 439 ; a New Motor for Small Machines, 442 ; New 

 Oil-car, 442 ; Cast-steel Wire Ropes, 445 ; Submerged Chain for Towing 

 Boats, 446 ; Wire Ropes of Phosphor-bronze, 446 ; the Pneumatic Tube in 

 Theory and Practice, 447 ; Pneumatic Tubes in Paris, 448 ; Principles of 

 the Construction of Wheels, 448 ; Extinguishment of Conflagrations, 464; 

 Sulphur as a Fire Extinguisher, 465 ; the Aquometer, 471 ; the Brayton 

 Ready Motor, 473. 



M. TECHNOLOGY 475 



(a.) THE LIBERAL ARTS. 



Printing and Stamping : A Printer's Ink readily Removable from Waste 

 Paper, 486. Engraving and Lithographing : Etching Photographs ou 

 Zinc, in Relief, for Ordinary Printing, 479 ; New Photolithographic or Au- 

 beltype Process, 480 ; the Gillotype, 481 ; French Method in Engraving on 

 Wood, 483. Writing : Fire-proof Paper and Ink for Valuable Documents, 

 etc., 484 ; Imitation of Jacobsen's Copying-ink Pencils, 484 ; Preparation 

 of Copying-ink Pencils, 485 ; ]Marking-ink Unaffected by Chlorine, 485 ; 

 Inerasible Black Ink, 485 ; Cohausen's Perigraph, 485. Drawing and 

 Copying : For Taking Tracings, 486 ; Copying Apparatus of Bauer & Co., 

 487. Photographing : Recent Progress in Photography, 475 ; New Meth- 

 od of Micro-photography for Maps in War-time, 482 ; Photographic Copy- 

 ing-paper for Drawings, etc., 482; Retouching Varnish for Negatives, 483 ; 

 Photographic Power of Artificial Light, 483. Modeling and Casting : Pa- 

 pier-mache Ornaments, etc., 487 ; Preservation of Plaster-casts, 487 ; Im- 

 provements in Plaster of Paris, 488. 



(b.) THE MECHANICAL AND CHEMICAL ARTS, 



Spinning, "Weaving, and Felting : Process for Covering Cotton with Silk, 

 502 ; New Method of Fulling Woolen Goods, 503. Sizing and Dressing : 

 Apparatine, a Substitute for Gum, Starch, etc., 498 ; Bleached Isinglass, 

 500. Water-proofing: Water-proof Dressing for Leather, 488; Water- 

 proofing Fabrics Avith Bichromated Gelatin, 489. Water-proof Awnings, 

 511. Cleaning and Bleaching : Discharging Aniline Black from Fabrics, 

 489 ; Utilization of the Suds from the Washing of Wool, 498 ; Bleaching 

 Sponges, 501. Dyeing and Printing : Eff(ect of Freezing upon the Color 

 of Fabrics, 488 ; Dyeing Parchment Paper with Aniline Colors, 489 ; Ar- 

 tificial Ultramarine Industrv, 489 ; Prohibition of Artificial Alizarine in 



