INDUSTRIAL PROGRESS DURING THE YEAR 1876. cxvii 



to Europe in consequence of ill-health. The only remaining mem- 

 bers of the expedition, Dr. Paul Pogge and Mr. Edward Mohr, are 

 exploring the Angola coast, which is to serve as the starting-point of 

 their respective journeys. 



An expedition under command of Count Pietro di Brazza, and 

 conducted at his own expense, has commenced exploration by way 

 of the Ogow6 River. The party started from Gaboon, and was fur- 

 nished by the French authorities there with an escort of seventy 

 colored soldiers. The party had at last advices succeeded in pene- 

 trating to Okanda, 500 miles from the mouth of the Ogow6 River. 

 This place will be used as a starting-point for explorations into 

 more unknown regions. 



Colonel Gordon, R.E,, who has been engaged in the exploration 

 of the Upper Nile, has been most persevering in his efforts to find a 

 navigable channel to the Albert and Victoria N'yanza. Proceeding 

 up the Nile with a portable steamer and boats, progress w^as stop- 

 ped by the Tola Falls or Rapids in about 4 north latitude. He 

 therefore left the river and proceeded by land to the Victoria and 

 Albert N'yanza, taking possession of both lakes for the Khedive of 

 Egypt. Then returning to Duffle, above the rapids, he found the 

 steamer and boats, which had been carried piecemeal by the falls, 

 and dispatched M. Gessi up the river to the Albert N'yanza, which 

 was entered and circumnavigated, and found to be one hundred and 

 forty miles long and fifty miles wide. An inefiectual attempt has 

 been made to find among the numerous diverging branches of the 

 White Nile some stream which may carry boats round the Tola Rap- 

 ids. As all these branches have not been examined, Colonel Gor- 

 don thinks that w^ater communication between Khartoum and the 

 Victoria N'yanza may be established. 



The circumnavigation of Lake Nyassa by Mr. E. D. Young has 

 been accomplished, and the discovery made that the lake extends 

 100 miles farther north than was supposed by Dr. Livingstone. No 

 bottom was found with 100 fathoms of line. A further examination 

 of the lake and of its shores will be made. 



Mr. H. M. Stanley is still pursuing his explorations in Central 

 Africa, but no precise details of his travels since the publication of 

 the Record for 1875 are available to determine what additional 

 geographical information has been collected. 



A large portion of Mr. Stanley's labor has been devoted to the ex- 

 ploration of the country hitherto unknown between the two lakes 

 Victoria and Albert N'yanza. 



A geographical conference regarding the exi^loration of Africa 

 took place at Brussels, September 12th, and w^as attended by numer- 

 ous African explorers as well as eminent geographers from several 

 European states. The conclusions arrived at w^ere in general that 

 stations should be established on the coast and in the interior avail- 

 able to explorers as bases to start from. 



