cxxxii GENERAL SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC AND 



A paper upon the " Antiquities of Porto Rico " was read before 

 the American Association by O. T. Mason, based uj^on the generous 

 gift of Mr. George Latimer to the Smithsonian Institution, mention- 

 ed in the last volume of the Record. 



South America. Das Ausland, for April 24th, commences a series 

 of articles upon ancient Peru, and Macmillan & Co. have in press a 

 volume, by Mr. E. G. Squier, upon the same subject. J. J. von Tschudi 

 has published in Vienna, " Ollanta, an old Peruvian Drama in the 

 Quichua Language." The sixth volume of a great work, by Antonio 

 Raimondi, entitled " Demarcacion Politica del Peru," is devoted to 

 ethnology and archaeology. 



Herr Fritz Miiller writes to Mr. Charles Darwin, in a letter pub- 

 lished in Nature., April 1st, concerning the " Sambaques," or " Cas- 

 queros," shell-heaps of the Brazilian coast. They exist in great num- 

 bers and of immense size. In some of them skulls were found of 

 unusual thickness. 



Europe. The Quarterly Review^ No. 283, has an article upon the 

 " Rude Stone Age in the Orkney Islands." Mr. Pengelly read before 

 the British Association the report upon Kent's Cavern during the 

 last year. The excavations, successful in other respects, revealed no 

 human remains. Mr. Thomas Belt contributes to the Quarterly Jour- 

 nal of Science for July a paper on the " Geological Age of the Deposits 

 containing Flint Implements at Hoxne, in Sussex, and the Relations 

 that Paleolithic Man bore to the Glacial Period." Mr. A. Whitley 

 made a communication to the Victoria Institute, March 20th, upon 

 the " Flint Knives from Brixham Cave." The author is of the opin- 

 ion that the older palaeolithic knives, etc., are not of human manu- 

 facture. The exploration of Cisbury Camp, near Northing, Sussex, 

 is reported in the Proceedings of the Anthropological Institute, No- 

 vember 23, 1875, and Professor Rolleston adds an exhaustive account 

 of the animal remains, including the skeleton of a woman. Before 

 the same society. Canon Rawlinson read a paper. May 3d, upon the 

 " Ethnology of the Cymbri." Further information upon extinct races 

 in Britain may be found in the following references : Professor Rol- 

 leston, on the " People of the Long-Barrow Period," Anthropological 

 Institute, January 22d ; on the " Tumuli belonging to the Viking 

 Age," British Scandinavian Society, January 18th ; on the " Traces 

 of Early Phoenician, Jewish, and Carthaginian Intercourse in the 

 British Isles," by Mr. F. A. Allen, Victoria Institute, February 21st ; 

 Aneurio Vaard, upon " Bardism, or the Primitive System of Instruc- 

 tion, Knowledge, and Morals among the Britons," in the Interna- 

 tional Review^ March and April ; Professor Rolleston, on the " Pre- 

 historic Pig in Britain," Linnsean Society, June 15th. The tendency 

 of English geologists is to refer the palaeolithic implements of Brit- 



